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Spinal Other Categories > C1/ Atlas > Flashcards

C1/ Atlas Flashcards

1
Q

what is the name of the first cervical vertebra

A

atlas

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2
Q

what features are lacking at C1

A

vertebral body, pedicles, a spinous process and the intervertebral disc

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3
Q

what is thought to represent the pedicle at C1

A

the anterior arch

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4
Q

what osseous modification is observed to the front of the anterior arch of C1

A

anterior tubercle

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5
Q

what muscle attaches to the anterior arch of C1

A

longus colli

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6
Q

what ligaments will attach to the anterior arch of C1

A

anterior longitudinal, anterior atlanto-occipital and anterior atlanto-axial ligaments

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7
Q

what is observed on the back of the anterior arch of C1

A

fovea dentis

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8
Q

what joint classifications are observed on the anterior arch of C1

A

amphiarthrosis syndesmosis and diarthrosis trochoid

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9
Q

what is the contribution of the lateral mass to the circumference of C1

A

forty percent; twenty percent for each lateral mass

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10
Q

what is the morphology of the superior articular facet of C1

A

they are elliptical, closer together in front and often demonstrate an elevation subdividing the facet surface into two separate surfaces

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11
Q

what is the orientation of the superior articular facet of C1

A

backward, upward, medial (BUM)

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12
Q

what is the joint classification of the atlanto-occipital zygapophysis

A

diathrosis ellipsoidal

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13
Q

what are the morphological characteristics of the inferior articular facet of C1

A

asymmetrical, slightly concave or flattened

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14
Q

what is the orientation of the inferior articular facet of C1

A

backward, medial, downward (BMD)

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15
Q

what is the joint classification of the atlanto-axial zygapophysis

A

diarthrosis arthrodia

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16
Q

what is the name of the rounded elevation on the medial aspect of the lateral mass of C1

A

tubercle for the transverse atlantal ligament

17
Q

what muscles attach to the lateral mass of C1

A

levator scapula, splenius cervicis and rectus capitis anterior

18
Q

what is the contribution of the posterior arch to the circumference of C1

A

about 40 percent

19
Q

what part of c1 represents the spinous process

A

posterior tubercle of the posterior arch

20
Q

what is the distance from the posterior tubercle of the posterior arch to the skin in each gender

A

males- about 50 mm

females- about 37 mm

21
Q

what attaches to the posterior tubercle of teh posterior arch of c1

A

rectus capitis posterior minor muscles and ligamentum nuchae

22
Q

what superior surface modifications of the posterior arch of c1 are present

A

groove/ sulcus for the vertebral artery and arcuate rim

23
Q

what attaches to the arcuate rim of c1

A

the posterior atlanto-occipital ligament

24
Q

what may be formed by ossification of the anterior free margin of the posterior atlanto- occipital ligament

A

a partial ponticulus posticus or complete ponticulus posticus

25
Q

with regard to ossification of the posterior atlanto- occipital ligament, what is the gender bias, bone classification, amount of ossification and general percent in the population

A

male- accessory bone, complete ponticulus posticus, 15%

female- accessory bone, partial ponticulus posticus, 26%

26
Q

what is observed on the undersurface of the posterior arch of c1

A

“inferior vertebral notch” and an attachment site for the posterior atlanto-axial ligament

27
Q

what joint classification (s) may be observed on the posterior arch of C1

A

amphiarthrosis syndesmosis

28
Q

what is the location of the “zygapophysis” relative to the atlanto-occipital and atlanto-axial intervertebral foramina

A

it forms part of the anterior boundary of the intervertebral foramen in both cases

29
Q

what is the general appearance of the transverse process of c1

A

triangular

30
Q

what are the osseous parts of the transverse process of c1

A

costal element, posterior tubercle, true transverse process

31
Q

what osseous parts of the transverse process are absent at c1

A

anterior tubercle and costotransverse bar

32
Q

what muscles attach to the transverse process of c1

A

rectus capitis anterior, rectus capitis lateralis, middle scalene, levator scapula, splenius cervicis, obliquus capitis superior, obliquus capitis inferior and intertransversarii muscles

33
Q

what is observed in the transverse foramen of c1

A

vertebral artery, vertebral venous plexus, postganglionic sympathetic motor nerve fibers

34
Q

what is the gender variation for distance from the posterior tubercle of the transverse process of c1 to the skin

A

not a significant difference

35
Q

what is the distance from the posterior tubercle of the transverse process of c1 to the skin for each gender

A

a little over 3o mm for both

36
Q

what joint classifications are observed at c1

A

amphiarthrosis syndesmosis, diarthrosis ellipsoidal, diarthrosis trochoid, diarthrosis arthrodia

37
Q

how many synovial joint surfaces are observed at c1

A

5

38
Q

what synovial joint surfaces are observed at c1

A

two superior articular facets, two inferior articular facets and the fovea dentis

39
Q

what is the gender variation for measurements of the transverse diameter of c1

A

males- 78 mm

females- 72 mm

Spinal Other Categories (12 decks)

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