Types of user interface

Question 1

Types of user interface

Answer 1

• GUI (graphical user interface)

* Command line

Question 2

Description of user interface

Answer 2

Software that allows a user to input data, and presents result (outputs) to the user

Question 3

Purpose and example of systems software

Answer 3

• Programs that run/operate the applications and hardware

* e.g. operating systems, utility programs

Question 4

Tasks performed by an operating system (OS)

Answer 4

• User interface
• Memory management / multitasking
• Peripheral management / drivers
• User management
• File management

Question 5

Features of a GUI

Answer 5

• Graphical user interface
• Windows, icons, menus and pointers
• User friendly and intuitive but slow for experienced users

Question 6

Functions of memory management (OS)

Answer 6

• Deciding when to read/write data from/to memory,where to read/write it from/to and what memory to access it from (e.g. RAM, HDD)
• Deciding when to user virtual memory, and managing VM
• Managing access to memory, e.g. RAM, hard drive

Question 7

Functions of multitasking (by an OS)

Answer 7

• One CPU(or CPU core) can only run one process at a time
• An OS can make it appear that several things are happening at the same time, e.g. running multiple software packages
• It does this by switching between them so quickly that the user doesn’t notice

Question 8

Types of compression

Answer 8

• Lossy

* Lossless

Question 9

Description of lossless compression

Answer 9

• When decompressed the file is the same as the original

* Data is not lost

Question 10

Purpose and examples of utility software

Answer 10

• Performs maintenance

* e.g. encryption, defragmentation, compression, backup

Question 11

Functions of user management (OS)

Answer 11

• Setting up and managing user accounts, e.g. usernames and passwords
• Allocating files for users

Question 12

Purpose of file backup

Answer 12

Creating a copy of files, in case the original are lost

Question 13

Types of backup

Answer 13

• Full

* Incremental

Question 14

Description of incremental backup

Answer 14

Only files, data and/ or software that have changed since the last backup are backed up

Question 15

Advantage of incremental backup

Answer 15

Faster to run because once everything is backed up, only small parts are backed up each time

Question 16

Purpose of data compression

Answer 16

Reduces the size of a file

Question 17

Description of a fragmented disk

Answer 17

• Fragmentation occurs when files become split across several areas of a hard disk
• Leads to decreased performance in writing to and reading from the disk
• Develops over a period of time

Question 18

Functions of file management(OS)

Answer 18

• Creating and naming files and folders
• Renaming files/folders
• Moving files/folders
• Deleting files/folders

Question 19

Functions of defragmentation

Answer 19

• Moves all data blocks together, and all free space together
• Increases efficiency when writing to and reading from the disk

Question 20

Situations where data compression is needed

Answer 20

• Downloading/uploading files-the smaller the file, the faster the files can be transferred
• Streaming-the smaller the file, the less bandwidth is required by both the server and client
• Limited storage size-the smaller the file, the more files can be stored on the device

Question 21

Importance of backing up files

Answer 21

• To have a copy in case the originals are lost

* Data is valuable and can not afford to be lost

Question 22

Description of full backup

Answer 22

All files,data and software are backed up

Question 23

Advantage of full backup

Answer 23

Nothing is lost; any changes to any files/data/software are backed up