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Computer Science > LAN,WAN > Flashcards

LAN,WAN Flashcards

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1
Q

LAN vs WAN

A
  • LAN-small geographical area; uses private infrastructure

* WAN-large geographical area; uses public infrastructure

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2
Q

Features of a WAN

A
  • Wide area network
  • Large geographical area
  • Uses public infrastructure(e.g. phone lines, satellites)
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3
Q

Purpose and function of hub

A
  • Piece of hardware
  • Device connect to it using cable(or wirelessly if wireless access point is used)

*Receives signals from devices and forwards them onto
their destination

*Transmits the signal to all devices attached to it

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4
Q

Purpose and function of a router

A

*Hardware which connects devices in a network(using
cables or wirelessly)

*Receives signals from devices and forwards them to
their destination

  • Remember addresses of devices attached to it
  • Often has integrated modem for internet access
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5
Q

Drawbacks of a client-server network

A
  • Expensive server required
  • May need to hire a technician to run the network
  • If the server goes down, no client can be used
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6
Q

Features of a LAN

A
  • Local area network
  • small geographical area
  • uses private infrastructure
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7
Q

Benefits of a peer-to-peer network

A

*can store document software,etc.

*Computers are independent and can be removed from
the network and still used

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8
Q

Purpose and function of an NIC (network hardware)

A
  • Network interface care
  • Hardware device
  • Within a computer(cam be added to a computer)

*Allows Ethernet cables be connected for access to a
network

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9
Q

Description of a client-server network

A

*The network has one powerful computer, the server.
This stores all data,conducts all process,etc

*The remaining computers are clients. They store their
data on the server, access data from the server, etc.

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10
Q

Purpose and function of a modem

A
  • Modulator-demodulator
  • Allows connection to the Internet

*Converts analogue phone line data to digital computer
data and back again

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11
Q

Factors that affect network performance

A
  • Bandwidth(how much data the network can transmit at
    a time)

*Amount of traffic(how much data is being transferred
across it)

*Hardware being used(including type of cable)

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12
Q

Purpose and function of Ethernet cable

A

*Copper cable connected between devices, e.g.
computer and router

  • Transfers data in a network
  • Transmits electrical signals
  • connects devices physically in a network
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13
Q

Benefits of a client-server network

A

*Central file storage (and any client and access same
data

  • Users can logon to any client and access same data
  • Central security management
  • Central control
  • Central monitoring
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14
Q

Drawbacks of a server-client network

A
  • Expensive server required
  • May need to hire a technician to run the network
  • If the server goes down, no clients can be used
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15
Q

Purpose of a wireless access point

A
  • Hardware device
  • Connected to a device,e.g.router/switch

*Allows a WNIC (wireless network interface card) to
connect to the device via Wi-Fi

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16
Q

Purpose and function of fibre-optic cable

A
  • Cable that transmits light signals

* Faster transmission than copper cables

17
Q

Purpose and function of a switch

A

*Hardware which connects devices in a network using
cables (or wirelessly if a WAP is used)

*Receives signals from devices and forwards them to
their destination

*Does not remember addresses of devices attached;
checks each device to find the one to send the signal t
to

18
Q

Purpose and function of a router

A

*Hardware which connects devices in a network (using
cables or wirelessly)

*Receives signals from devices and forwards them to
their destination

  • Remembers addresses of devices attached to it
  • Often has integrated modem for internet access
19
Q

Examples of network hardware devices

A
  • Router +Modem (often combined)
  • Switch/Hub

*NIC (network interface controller)
WNIC (wireless NIC)

  • Copper/Ethernet cables
  • Fibre-optic cables
  • wireless access point
20
Q

Description of the Internet

A

*Worldwide network made up of smaller networks (e.g.
WAN, LAN)

*The infrastructure that connects computers, e.g.
telephone lines

21
Q

Drawbacks of the virtual network

A

*Security of the network can be compromised by
intercepting transmission of hackers

  • Need to encrypt data
  • Need someone to manage it
22
Q

Drawbacks of a peer-to-peer network

A

*No central security, if one computer gets a
virus, it can be passed to others

*No central management

*Every user is responsible for their own
backup

23
Q

Description of ‘the cloud’

A

Software, services and data that are run/stored on the Internet

24
Q

Benefits of the virtual network

A

*Employee can access files, data, software, etc. from
anywhere with Internet access

*Employees can work elsewhere, e.g. at home with
clients

25
Q

Benefits of cloud storage

A

*Files/data can be accessed anywhere with Internet
access

  • Easily increases storage size
  • Backup and security managed externally
26
Q

Device that hosts a website

A

Web Server

27
Q

Drawbacks of cloud storage

A
  • Cannot access data without Internet access

* No control over security or backup

28
Q

Purpose of URL

A
  • Uniform resource locator
  • User-friendly, memorable name for a website
  • Easier to remember/use than an IP
29
Q

Purpose and function of WNIC (network hardware)

A
  • Wireless network interface card
  • Device that connects to or is put into a computer
  • Transmits and receives Wi-Fi signals
30
Q

Benefits and drawbacks of fibre-optic cable

A

+High bandwidth

+small and light

+little interference

  • Expensive to buy, set up and maintain
  • Difficult to install: can be easily damaged
31
Q

Purpose of IP

A

*Internet Protocol

*Numerical address of a piece of hardware connected to
the internet

32
Q

Function of DNS

A
  • Domain name server
  • Browser sends URL to DNS
  • DNS has database of domains and matching server IPs
  • DNS finds domain in database*
  • DNS returns server IP to browser

*If DNS does not find IP, it forwards request to higher
DNS. Higher DNS then returns IP to original DNS

33
Q

Purpose and function of Hub

A
  • Piece of hardware
  • Devices connect to it using cables (or wirelessly if wireless access point is used)

*Receives signals from devices and forwards them onto
their destination

*Transmits the signal to all devices attached to it

34
Q

Description of WWW

A
  • World Wide Web

* The websites and resources hosted on the Internet

Computer Science (12 decks)

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