types of tissues Flashcards
histology
the study of cells
why is histology important to medicine?
abnormal cells and tissues can be compared to normal tissues to identify diseases
what are the 4 major categories of tissues?
epithelial connective muscle nervous
how are the four categories of tissues separated or what are they based upon?
based on function and embryonic tissue of origin
where can epithelial tissue be found in body?
lining every cavity and surface of human body
what is purpose of basement membrane?
separates tissues and protects from stress
four functions of epithelial tissue?
- protect tissue they cover
- regulate gas and nutrient exchange btwn organs and body cavities
- secrete substances (sweat, hormones, mucus, enzymes)
- provide sensation w/ environment
squamous cell?
flat shape
cuboidal cell?
cube shaped
columnar cell?
column shaped
stratified epithelial tissue?
made up of more than one layer of cells
simple epithelial tissue?
made up of single layer of cells
transitional epithelium?
transitioning from shape of one cell to another
pseudostratified epithelial?
single layer of cells, but location of nuclei makes it look stratified
function of ciliated epithelial tissue?
catches foreign particles and moves them away from lungs
function of keratinized epithelial tissue?
layer that does not receive nutrients, and is dead, and forms layers of dead tissue that provide more protection, and most commonly seen on outside of skin
3 parts that make up connective tissue?
cells, fibers, extracellular components embedded in fluid
what are fibroblasts?
cells that produce connective tissues
what parts of body are classified as connective tissue?
blood, bone, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, adipose (fat), lymph
interstitial fluid?
fluid with proteins and cells
adhesion proteins?
allow cells to bind to each other and to structural fibers
proteoglycans?
proteins that act to filter fluids thru ground substance
collagen fibers?
extreamly strong fibers that provide support
elastin fibers?
fibers that can stretch and return to og shape like rubber band
reticular fibers?
fine networking fibers
connective tissues function?
protect, store energy, support, transport, insulate, connect all body tissues
vascular tissue?
made out of living substances
avascular tissue?
made up of extracellular matrices/substances instead of cellular components
what parts of connective tissue are most affected by disease and disorder?
collagen and elastin
function of muscle tissue?
provide movement
what proteins make up bulk of muscle tissue?
myosin and actin
what are myofilaments?
myosin and actin are arranged into larger bundles to make muscles
where are skeletal muscles found?
attached to our skeleton by tendons
how much of human body is made up of skeletal muscle?
35-45%
where would smooth muscle tissue be found?
lining of most bodily organs
which muscle tissues have striations?
skeletal muscle, cardiac
which muscle tissues are voluntary?
skeletal
why does cardiac muscle tissue have large numbers of mitochondria?
provide energy source for continuous contracting action of heart
what is function of nervous tissue?
communication
how do neurons and neuroglia cells work together?
neurons send and receive msgs, while neuroglia provide support and nutrients for neurons
