Types of Tissue Flashcards
Histology
Study of tissue
Epithelial tissue
-Avascular → no blood supply
Functions: secretion, selective absorption, protection, transcellular transport, and sensing
1) All nutrients come from diffusion
2) Stratified (layered) or simple (not layered)
- simple is usually for secretion and absorption
- stratified is more for protection
3) Types: Columnar (long, rectangular), cuboidal (cubes), or squamous (squished squares)
Muscle tissue
- locomotion (different from transport-diffusion)
- Fibers → highly modified cells in muscle
- 3 Types:
- 1) Cardiac 2) Smooth 3) Skeletal
Cardiac tissue
muscle tissue
- involuntary
- one central nucleus, striated, intercalated discs
- region of cell where membrane overlaps → gives strength
Smooth tissue
muscle tissue
- involuntary
- one nucleus, no striations
- line organs/vessels
Skeletal tissue
muscle tissue
- voluntary → innervated: neuromuscular junction (NMJ)
- striated (2 striations = 1 sarcomere)
- multi-nucleated
- atrophy can occur if you don’t use your muscles
Connective Tissue
- major supporting tissue of the body
- bind other structures together and provide support and protection against damage, infection, or heat loss
- most have a plentiful blood supply
- all have three common elements:
- fibers
- cells
- non-cellular matrix material
- most common cells in all CTs: fibroblasts, which synthesize collagen and extracellular matrix
1) Ordinary CT
2) Specialized CT
Ordinary CT
- LOOSE or DENSE
- but both types have collagen and fibroblasts
- Loose: has fibroblasts, elastic fibers, and collagen
- ex: aerolar tissue - helps hold internal organs in place
- Dense: found in tendons (connect muscle with bone), have fibroblasts in rows and collagen fibers
- ex: ligaments and tendons - strength
Specialized CT
- Cartilage
- more flexible than bone
- forms supporting structures
- Compact Bone (made of calcium and are vascular)
- Adipose (lies under skin and organs and connects skin to muscle)
- surrounded by thin network of collagen fibers
- Blood (liquid CT)
Nervous Tissue
- found in brain and spinal cord
1) Neurons: specialized for receiving and giving chemical and electrical signals (desnely packed)
2) Nerve (cable of nerve cell): insulated by fat(adipose) and connected to muscle (NMJ)
How do tissue improve functional efficiency?
They enable tasks to be shared amongst various specialized cells
Glial Cells
- found in nervous tissue
- support neurons physically and metabolically and maintain composition of extracellular fluid
Name all types of tissue
name
Epithelial tissue
-Avascular → no blood supply
Functions: secretion, selective absorption, protection, transcellular transport, and sensing
1) All nutrients come from diffusion
2) Stratified (layered) or simple (not layered)
- simple is usually for secretion and absorption
- stratified is more for protection
3) Types: Columnar (long, rectangular), cuboidal (cubes), or squamous (squished squares)
name
Muscle tissue
- locomotion (different from transport-diffusion)
- Fibers → highly modified cells in muscle
- 3 Types:
- 1) Cardiac 2) Smooth 3) Skeletal
name
Cardiac tissue
muscle tissue
- involuntary
- one central nucleus, striated, intercalated discs
- region of cell where membrane overlaps → gives strength
Smooth tissue
muscle tissue
- involuntary
- one nucleus, no striations
- line organs/vessels
Skeletal tissue
muscle tissue
- voluntary → innervated: neuromuscular junction (NMJ)
- striated (2 striations = 1 sarcomere)
- multi-nucleated
- atrophy can occur if you don’t use your muscles
