Anatomical Body Cavities

Question 1

Dorsal Cavity

Answer 1

Bones of the cranial portion of the skull and vertebral column, toward the dorsal (posterior) side of the body. -cranial cavity and vertebral cavitiy –> brain and spinal cord –> membranous lining: meninges

Question 2

Cranial cavity

Answer 2

Contains the brain

Question 3

Spinal portion

Answer 3

Contains the spinal cord, which is an extension of the brain

Question 4

Ventral Cavity

Answer 4

Anterior surface of torso; divided by diaphragm muscle into upper thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity

Contain:

• thoracic cavity: heart (pericardium membrane) and lungs (pleural cavities membrane)
• abdominal cavity: digestive organs, spleen, kidneys (peritoneum membrane)
• pelvic cavity: bladder, reproductive organs (peritoneum membrane)

Question 5

Thoracic Cavity

Answer 5

The chest; contains trachea, bronchi, lungs, esophagus, heart and great blood vessels, thymus gland, lymph nodes, and nerves.

Contains smaller cavities as well called pleural and pericardial cavities.

Question 6

Pleural cavities

Answer 6

Part of thoracic

Cavity that surrounds each lung.

Question 7

Pericardial Cavity

Answer 7

Part of thoracic Cavity that contains the heart. The pleural cavity surrounds both the pleural and pericardial cavities.

Question 8

Abdominopelvic Cavity

Answer 8

Imaginary line that runs across hip bones divides the body into the abdominal and pelvic cavities.

Question 9

epithelial membranes

Answer 9

• skin (cutaneous membrane), mucosa (mucous membranes), and serosa (serous membranes)
• formed from epithelium and the connective tissue on which it rests
• line body cavities and passageways, cover internal organs, form inner lining of heart, inner lining of blood vessels, and inner lining of lymph vessels

Question 10

cutaneous membrane

Answer 10

(skin)

• forms a protective covering over the surface of the body
• exposed to air and is a dry membrane -is made up of an epidermis of stratified squamous epithelium and underlying dermis of connective tissue
• outermost cells of skin are protected by a keratin layer, which varies in thickness

Question 11

mucous membranes

Answer 11

(muscosa)

• lines all body cavities that open to the exterior (ex: hollow organs of the respiratory, digestive, urinary and reproductive tracts)
• moist and bathed in secretions
• composed of some type of simple epithelium (eg columnar or squamous) resting on loose connective tissue -the epithelium of mucosae is often absorptive or secretory, many of them produce mucus

Question 12

serous membranes

Answer 12

(serosa)

• line internal body cavities that are closed to the exterior
• occur in pairs: parietal layer lines the body wall and visceral layer lines the organ within that cavity -separated by a thin film of serous fluid
• types: peritoneum (abdomen), pleura (lungs), pericardium (heart)
• moist, bathed in secretions
• made up of think layer of squamous epithelium resting on a thin layer of loose connective tissue

Question 13

synovial membranes

Answer 13

• line the capsules around joints and secrete a lubricating synovial fluid
• moist, bathed in secretions
• composed of connective tissue and contain no epithelial cells
• provide a smooth surface and cushion moving structures

Question 14

name all the body cavities

Answer 14