Types of reproduction

Question 1

Define reproduction

Answer 1

production of new life from existing organisms

Question 2

How many chromosomes do humans have in their sperm and egg cells?

Answer 2

23 chromosomes, 46 in total.

Question 3

What are gametes?

Answer 3

Gametes are reproductive cells that make a new organism.

Question 4

How many chromosomes do gametes have?

Answer 4

They have half the number of chromosomes as a somatic cell.

Question 5

What do you call cell that has been newly produced? when the sperm and egg cells combine? How many chromosomes do they have?

Answer 5

When they combine, they produce a new cell called a zygote (a fertilised egg). The zygote would have 46 chromosomes.

Question 6

Are gametes the same as each other? If not, why?

Answer 6

Gametes are different from themselves due to their independent assortment and the process of crossing over.

Question 7

Define sexual reproduction

Answer 7

• The production of new organisms by the combination of genetic information of two individuals of different sexes.
• In most species, the genetic information is carried on chromosomes in the nucleus of reproductive cells called gametes,
  which then fuse to form a diploid zygote.
  The zygote develops into a new individual.

Question 8

Define asexual reproduction

Answer 8

• The production of new organisms from single parent cell by division.
• offspring are genetically identical to the parent.
• No mixing of male and female gametes occurs.
• It can happen through binary fission, bussing, or fragmentation.

Question 9

List the disadvantages and advantages of asexual reproduction.

Answer 9

Disadvantages:
1) limited ability to adapt
2) Face massive fie-off if environment changes

Advantages:
1) Does not require special cells or a lot of
energy
2) Can produce offspring quickly.
3) Creates a large, thriving population in a stable environment.

Question 10

List the disadvantages and advantages of sexual reproduction.

Answer 10

Disadvantages:
1) Needs time and energy
2) Produce small populations

Advantages:
1) Lots of variation within a species.
2) Able to live in variety of environmental settings.
3) Able to adapt to changes in the environment,.