Types of reproduction Flashcards

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1
Q

Define reproduction

A

production of new life from existing organisms

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2
Q

How many chromosomes do humans have in their sperm and egg cells?

A

23 chromosomes, 46 in total.

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3
Q

What are gametes?

A

Gametes are reproductive cells that make a new organism.

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4
Q

How many chromosomes do gametes have?

A

They have half the number of chromosomes as a somatic cell.

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5
Q

What do you call cell that has been newly produced? when the sperm and egg cells combine? How many chromosomes do they have?

A

When they combine, they produce a new cell called a zygote (a fertilised egg). The zygote would have 46 chromosomes.

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6
Q

Are gametes the same as each other? If not, why?

A

Gametes are different from themselves due to their independent assortment and the process of crossing over.

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7
Q

Define sexual reproduction

A
  • The production of new organisms by the combination of genetic information of two individuals of different sexes.
  • In most species, the genetic information is carried on chromosomes in the nucleus of reproductive cells called gametes,
    which then fuse to form a diploid zygote.
    The zygote develops into a new individual.
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8
Q

Define asexual reproduction

A
  • The production of new organisms from single parent cell by division.
  • offspring are genetically identical to the parent.
  • No mixing of male and female gametes occurs.
  • It can happen through binary fission, bussing, or fragmentation.
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9
Q

List the disadvantages and advantages of asexual reproduction.

A

Disadvantages:
1) limited ability to adapt
2) Face massive fie-off if environment changes

Advantages:
1) Does not require special cells or a lot of
energy
2) Can produce offspring quickly.
3) Creates a large, thriving population in a stable environment.

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10
Q

List the disadvantages and advantages of sexual reproduction.

A

Disadvantages:
1) Needs time and energy
2) Produce small populations

Advantages:
1) Lots of variation within a species.
2) Able to live in variety of environmental settings.
3) Able to adapt to changes in the environment,.

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