Types of processors Flashcards
what does RISC mean ?
reduced instruction set cycle
what does CISC mean ?
complex instruction set cycle
what are the properties of RISC ?
- small instruction set
-each instructuion is one line of code - used in poratable devices
what are the properties of CISC ?
- used in embedded systems and microprocessors
- instructions are built into hardware
- a large instruction set
what is the benefit of RISC ?
-piplining is possible
- less energy consumption
what is a benefit of CISC ?
-compliers have less work to do
-the require less RAM since instructions are smaller
what is a GPU ?
graphics processing unit , this is a co- processor which is speciallised in rendering graphics
what are GPU’s used for now days ?
GPU are now used for machine learing and image proicessing
name two applications which GPU’s may be used ?
- machine learning
-linear algerbra - weather forecast
describe the differences between a GPU and quad processor ?
GPU:
- single core
- used for rendering graphics
- this is a co-processor
- typically run slow
quad core:
- this is a CPU
-multiple core
-typically run fast
- used for generic operations
what is virtual memory?
virual memoery is a memory management procedi=ure used when RAM is Full , this creates a virtual memoery to temporarily store data , which is created in the hard drive
explain why an upgrade to a larger ROM chip would be unnecessary and would not affect the performace of a computer ?
- A larger ROM chip would be unecessary as it wont add any data/storage to the computer. this would be unecessary as it only reads memeory only
give a typical use for each of these devices ?
- DVD ?
-CD- ROM ?
-HARD DISK ?
-USB ?
DVD - store multimedia /videos
CD-ROM - store multimedia data
Hard Disk - storing computer software
USB -use to store/transfer documetns and multimeida
what does ROM stand for ?
and what are its properties ?
Read only memoery
- ROM is non-volatile(cannot be changed)
- even if you turn off your computer , the ROM will remain
what does RAM stand for ?
and what are its properties ?
- Random acess memory
- RAM is volatile
- Once the computer is switched off the data and instructions held in RAM are lost
what is the difference between ROM and RAM ?
ROM is read only memory and non-volatile .
RAM is random acess memory which can be read from and written to . and is volaitle .
what is a high level language ?
The instructions that tell a computer what to do are written in machine code.
e.g python
what is a low level language ?
Low-level languages are languages that sit close to the computer’s instruction set.
e.g binary
what are the adv of low level languagae ?
-LLL is fast and memeoery efficint and can be understood by the machine
- programmers can utilise processor memoery better
disadvantage :
- a line of code per instruction
-instructions are machine specific
what is a compiler ?
what is a translator?
what is an assembler?
compiler - converts high level language to low level language
translator- translates low level language to high level language
assembler - converts low level language to machine code
list three standards for reusable program components, which may be enforced within organisation ?
- inputs, and output preconditions should always be documented
- Documents should have a standard format
-all variables must be local to module
what is an algorithim ?
what makes a good algorithm?
an algorithm is a list set of instructions, used to solve problems or perform tasks, based on the understanding of available alternatives.
- effective
-easy to understand by others
-independant
-output has to be specified
-input specified
