last min paper 2 notes

Question 1

What are some similarities between a graph data structure an d a tree ?

Answer 1

Similarties :
both include the use of nodes
both dynamic data structures
both are connected by links and edges

difference:
graphs can be weighted
graphs can be directional
tree will not have cycles

Question 2

What is the difference between get method and set method ?

Answer 2

A get method allows the attributes to be accessed and returned

s set method allows the attribute to be changed

Question 3

Debbugging tools used in IDE?

Answer 3

Stepping Through The Code…
* Syntax Error Highlighting….
* Setting breakpoints…
* Variable watch indow…

Question 4

what is a constructor?

Answer 4

to create an instance of an object from a class

Question 5

what is IDE and list its tools

Answer 5

IDE(integrated development environment ) are a set of tools that help increase the productivity of a developer ,
tools are :

error diagnostic
syntax highlight
debugging tools- variable catch window, breakpoints ,pretty printing
auto-correction
code editor
translator

Question 6

what are the three diffrent loops

Answer 6

For loop
while loop
do until loop

Question 7

if a 9 marker on data mining come up you can talk about what?

Answer 7

• define key word
  -used to spot patterns algorithims
  -used by businesses
  -used for predictions
  -

Question 8

what are the computational methods?

Answer 8

-Decompostion
-data mining
-backtracking
-pipeliing
-pattern recognition

Question 9

what is a binary tree?

Answer 9

This is a tree where each node, the left subtree is lesser in value than the right subtree.

Question 10

what is break point ?

Answer 10

This is a break point in the code, that stops execution , this allows the code to exame the beviour of the program up to that point.

Question 11

what is performance modelling ?

Answer 11

This is a computational method, that uses an approximation of mathematics to simulate a problems performance.This creates a simulation of a program , without having to do detailed testing. This lowers cost for testing

Question 12

descibe the process of lexical analysis?

Answer 12

Lexical analysis is a stage of compilation and this is when , the source program is tokenized into symbols. This gets rid of white spaces.

• The source program is read from left to right, then each word in the program is put into a symbol table with tokens to indtify each variable. This gets rid of whit spaces and get rid of coders comments. and prepares of the next stage of compilation.

Question 13

what are the different stages of compilation ?

Answer 13

Lexical anaysis
syntax analyis
semantic anylsis

Question 14

what are the different types of storage devices?

Answer 14

USD-for transfereing files between two differnt devices
Hard drive/SSD- to store files or software
CD
CD-ROM- for installing software
portable hard drive - to store files
cloud storage- this is to get access to other files remotely

Question 15

difference between CISC and RIsk Architecture?

Answer 15

CISC:
-comlicated processer designed
-each instruction can take up to more than one cycle
-many different instructions available
-multiple clock cycles

RISC:
- each instructions performs a simple task
-limited number of instructions avalibile
simple processor designed
-complex tasks can only be designed by combining more than one intrcution together

Question 16

what is a class

what is an object?

Answer 16

a class is a template of an object this stores its methods and attributes

an object is an instance of a class