Types Of Memory

Question 0

Coding

Answer 0

Making mental representations of information so that it can be placed into our memories

Question 1

Memory

Answer 1

Ability to retain information over time through three processes: encoding, storing, and retrieving.

Question 2

Storing

Answer 2

Process of placing encoded information into relatively permanent mental storage for later recall

Question 3

Retrieving

Answer 3

Process of getting or recalling information that has been placed into short term memory or long term memory

Question 4

Sensory memory

Answer 4

Initial process that receives and holds environmental information in its raw form for a brief period of time

Question 5

Short term memory ( working memory)

Answer 5

Another process that hold only limited amount of information for a short period of time

Question 6

Long term memory

Answer 6

Process of storing almost unlimited amounts of information over long periods of time

Question 7

Iconic memory

Answer 7

Form of sensory memory that automatically holds visual information for about a quarter of a second or more as soon as you shift your attention the information disappears

Question 8

Echoic memory

Answer 8

Form of sensory memory that hold auditory information for 1 or 2 seconds

Question 9

Maintenance rehearsal

Answer 9

Practice of intentionally repeating or rehearsing information so that it remains longer in the short term memory

Question 10

Inference

Answer 10

When new information enters short term Emory and overwrites or pushes out information that is already there

Question 11

Chunking

Answer 11

Combining separate items of information into chunks and then remembering chunks of information rather then individual items

Question 12

Primacy effect

Answer 12

Better recall of information presented at the beginning of a task

Question 13

Regency effect

Answer 13

Better recall of information presented at the end of a task

Question 14

Primacy recency effect

Answer 14

Better recall of information presented at the beginning and end of a task

Question 15

Declarative memory

Answer 15

Memory for facts and events such as scenes, stories, words, conversations, faces, or daily events

Question 16

Semantic memory

Answer 16

A type of decorative memory and involves knowledge of facts, concepts, words, definitions, and language

Question 17

Episodic memory

Answer 17

A type of declarative memory and involves knowledge of specific events, personal experiences, or activities, such as naming or describing favorite restaurants, movies, songs, habits, or hobbies

Question 18

Procedural memory ( non declarative memory)

Answer 18

Involves memories for motor skills, some cognitive skills, and emotional behavior’s learned through classical conditioning. We cannot recall or retrieve procedural memories

Question 19

Effortful encoding

Answer 19

Involves the transfer of information from short term memory into long term memory by working hard to repeat or rehearse the information or, especially, by making associations between new and old information

Question 20

Maintenance rehearsal

Answer 20

Simply repeating or rehearing the information rather than forming any new associations

Question 21

Elaborating rehearsal

Answer 21

Involves using effort to actively making meaningful associations between new information that you wish to remember and old or familiar information that is already stored in long term memory

Question 22

Levels of processing theory

Answer 22

Remembering depends on how information is encoded. If you encode by paying attention only to basic features information is encoded at a shallow level and results in poor recall. If you encode by making new associations this information will be encoded at a deeper level, which results in better recall

Question 23

Repression

Answer 23

Process by which the mind pushes a memory of some threatening or traumatic even deep into the unconscious

Question 24

Eidetic memory

Answer 24

Form of photographic memory that occurs in children, is the ability to examine a procure or page for 10-30 seconds and then for several minutes hold in ones mind a detailed visual image for the material

Question 25

Flashbulb memories

Answer 25

Vivid recollections, usually in great detail, or dramatic or emotionally charged incidents that are of interest to the person