Types of LTM (AO1) Flashcards
What are the 3 types of long term memory?
Episodic
Semantic
Procedural
What is episodic memory?
our ability to recall EVENTS from our lives
e.g. recent dentist visit, 10th birthday
What are the details of episodic memory?
- they are ‘time stamped’
- have to make a ‘conscious effort’ to recall them
- they are stored in the frontal + temporal lobes
What is semantic memory?
shared memory for facts + knowledge about the world
e.g. capital cities
What are the details of semantic memory?
- contains concepts e.g. love
- memories are not ‘time stamped’
- less personal and more factual
- have to make a ‘conscious effort’ to recall them
- they are stored in the frontal + temporal lobes
What is procedural memory?
our memory for actions or skills - how we do things
e.g. riding a bike, driving a car, brushing your teeth
What are the details of procedural memory?
- recalled without conscious awareness or effort
- they require lots of repetition and practice
- we would find it difficult to explain the processes of these memories
- they are stored in the cerebellum
HM case study - Scoville + Milner
HM had his hippocampus removed bc of epileptic seizures
- his STM was undamaged
- he could learn new LTM for procedural + semantic
- but couldnt form new episodic LTM
e.g. couldnt remember he had stroked a dog an hour ago but could remember how to stroke a dog
Clive Wearing - case study
Wearing suffered from a viral infection that damaged his hippocampus
- couldnt recall any episodic memories
- retained semantic + procedural memories e.g. still played the piano
Tulving et al - brain scan evidence
Had ppts perform memory tasks while their brains were scanned with a PET scanner
- episodic memory localised to the temporal lobe
- semantic LTM in the hippocampus
- procedural LTM in the cerebellum
