Types of Joints

Question 1

Fibrous Joint

Answer 1

immovable/partly movable

bone attached to bone directly by fibrous tissue, there is no intervening joint space

ex. skull, teeth

Question 2

Cartilaginous Joint

Answer 2

immovable/partly moveable

bones in these joints are attached by cartilaginous or fibro cartilaginous tissues

ex. epiphyseal growth plates, inter-vertabral
disc

Question 3

Synovial Joint

Answer 3

freely movable

• articular bones are capped with articular cartilage
• joint cavity is lined internally by synovial membrane
• ligaments reinforce the fibrous, sensitive joint capsule
• bursa is formed out of a cushion of synovial membrane

Question 4

6 Types of Synovial Joints

Answer 4

Ball and Socket 
Hinge 
Saddle 
Ellipsoid 
Pivot 
Gliding

Question 5

Ball and Socket

Answer 5

ball shaped head fits into a concave socket

most freely movable type of joint

ex. shoulder joint & hip joint

Question 6

Hinge

Answer 6

similar to that of a door and includes the ankle, the interphalangeal, and the elbow joints

Question 7

Saddle

Answer 7

made of two concave surfaces, carpometacarpal of thumb

all movements but rotation

Question 8

Ellipsoid

Answer 8

reduced ball and socket in which rotation is significantly reduced

ex. bicondylar knee, jaw and radiocarpal (wrist)

Question 9

Pivot

Answer 9

ring of bone rotating about an axle of bone

Question 10

Gliding

Answer 10

joints are made of flat surfaces that smoothly move across one another

ex. facet joints of vertebrae, acromioclavicular joint of the shoulder girdle & intercarpal/intertarsal joints of wrist and ankle

Question 11

Extension

Answer 11

increase of the angle between the bones of the joint occurs in the sagittal plane

Question 12

Flexion

Answer 12

decrease of the angle between the bones of the joint occurs in the sagittal plane

Question 13

Adduction

Answer 13

movement in joint toward the midline of body occurs laterally in the coronal plane

Question 14

Abduction

Answer 14

movement in joint away from the midline of body occurs laterally in the coronal plane

Question 15

Circumduction

Answer 15

circular movement at the ball and socket joints, as well as condylar and saddle joints

combination of flexion, abduction, extension, and adduction movements performed in a sequence

Sagittal and Coronal Planes

Question 16

Rotation

Answer 16

a movement moving the bone of the joint around its axis towards body medial or internal rotation: external or lateral

Transverse plane or Cross plane

Question 17

Supination

Answer 17

external rotation of the forearm at the radiohumeral joint, so that the palm faces forward

in the foot, it is the combination of inversion, adduction around a vertical axis, and plantar flexion

Question 18

Pronation

Answer 18

the internal rotation of the forearm at radiohumeral joint, so that the palm faces backwards

in the foot, combination of eversion, abduction around a vertical axis and dorsiflexion

Question 19

Inversion

Answer 19

turns the sole of the foot inward so that the medial border of the foot is elevated

Question 20

Eversion

Answer 20

turns the sole of the foot inward so that the lateral border of the foot is elevated

Question 21

Plantar Flexion

Answer 21

foot at ankle joint corresponds to what dancers call pointing the foot

Question 22

Dorsiflexion

Answer 22

corresponds to what dancers call flexing the foot