The Skeleton Flashcards
Bones in Body
206
What is a bone?
living tissue, alive & whole
made of 65% mineral salts and 35% connective tissue
makes up 15-20% of body weight
5 Functions of Bone
Support Protection Movement Blood Cell Production Mineral Storage
Support
external framework for our body and transfer the weight into gravity
absorb the thrust action from the force of gravity
Protection
some protect fragile structures within such as our skull that protected the brain, our rib cage protects the heart and lungs, and the pelvic girdle protects the vital organs
Movement
serve as levers to enhance movement capabilities
Blood cell production
the bone marrow is responsible for the production of red blood cells
these are vital for the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide
Mineral Storage
important minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium are stored within the bones
these minerals are used in blood clotting, nerve transmission, muscle contraction , and energy metabolism
Types of Bones
Long Bones Flat Bones Short Bones Irregular Bones Sesamoid Bones
Long Bones
tubular in shape and much longer than they are wide
ex. femur, clavicles, humerus radius, ulna and metacarpals and phalanges of the upper limb
lower lime they are tibia, fibula, and metatarsals and phalanges
Flat Bones
are relatively thin and flat, but often slightly curved in shape
commonly protect soft structures, such as brain
ex. ilium, ribs, sternum, scapulae, and some bones of skull
Short Bones
cubical in shape and are found in the upper portion of the hand and feet
these bones aid with shock absorption, transmission of forces and small complex movements
Irregular Bones
do not fall into the preceding classifications and exhibit complex and varied shapes
functions to protect spinal cord, support weight and transmitting loads, providing for muscle attachments and facilitating movement
Sesamoid Bones
bones that form within a tendon
help protect tendon from excessive wear due to the rubbing against the tendon from the underlying bone
ex. patella
