types of formulas Flashcards
define empirical formula
the simplest ratio of atoms present in a compound
define molecular formula
the number of each type of atom present in 1 molecule of a compound
define structural formula
the arrangement of atoms in the molecule of a compound
what is the empirical formula of C2H4O2
CH2O
what is the structural formula of C2H4O
CH3CHO
define skeletal formula
shows all atoms except carbon and hydrogen
(only draw hydrogens that aren’t bonded to carbons)
what does in the number of lines in skeletal formula equal?
number of lines = number of carbons - 1
what is the
1. molecular formula
2. empirical formula
3. structural formula
of pentane
- molecular formula
C5H12
- empirical formula
C5H12
- structural formula
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3
what is the
1. molecular formula
2. empirical formula
3. structural formula
of heptane
- molecular formula
C7H16
- empirical formula
C7H16
- structural formula
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3
define displayed formula
shows all the bonds in a molecule as individual lines
define general formula
for a family of compounds
alkanes = CnH2n + 2
