isomerism

Question 1

define structural isomer

Answer 1

molecules with the same molecular formula but different structural formula (ie: different arrangement of atoms)

Question 2

define E-Z isomerism

Answer 2

molecules have the same structural formula but different spatial arrangement of atoms/groups

only occurs if the groups bonded to each carbon atom in the C=C bond are different

Question 3

in E-Z isomerism if elements have a higher atomic number do they have higher or lower priority

Answer 3

higher atomic number = higher priority

Question 4

what is cis/trans isomerism

Answer 4

special case of E-Z isomerism where there’s the same atom/group attached to each C of the C=C

Question 5

what are the CIP rules for isomerism

Answer 5

1. look at the atoms directly attached to the carbon atoms at each end of the double bond (thinking about the 2 ends seperately)

the atom which has the higher atomic number is given priority

2. if you have 2 isotopes of the same element the heavier atom has higher priority

Question 6

give the 3 different types of structural isomers

Answer 6

chain
position
functional group

Question 7

give the 3 different types of stereoisomers

Answer 7

cis- trans
E-Z
optical

Question 8

define chain isomer

Answer 8

carbon chain is arranged differently

Question 9

define functional group isomers

Answer 9

different functional groups