Types of Ethics

Question 1

deontological ethics

Answer 1

duty based ethics / we act out of following the rules

Question 2

teleological ethics

Answer 2

there is a goal / purpose to moral behaviour / aim to bring out the best consequence

Question 3

descriptive ethics

Answer 3

this is what the rules say : school rule says you cannot wear crop tops

Question 4

normative / prescriptive ethics

Answer 4

makes a value judgement ie : ‘what we should do / what we ought to do’/ ‘ I think it’s an infringement of my personality to bar me from expressing myself’ : doesn’t say whether it’s wrong or right / lean towards wrong

Question 5

Utilitarian ethics

Answer 5

MF : consequences
WHO ? : Jason Bentham
MI ? when making an ethical decision, decide which action brings out greatest good 2 greatest ammt. of people
- what action brings out least ammt. of happiness to greatest ammt. of people !

DO NOT TAKE PERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS INTO ACCOUNT

Question 6

Natural Law

Answer 6

MF : Preservation of Life
WHO ? : Thomas Aquinas
MI ? when making an ethical decision, you must
- use your reason
- follow the first rule which is preserve life
- as far as possible keep to what is natural

Question 7

Kant’s Ethics
( Duty Based Ethics )
( Deontological )

Answer 7

MF : Duty / nothing should be done as a mean’s to end // has to be done for the sake of it
MI : when making an ethical decision you must
- act out only on duty, not for ulterior motives
- only do something that you would be happy for everyone else ( universally) to do in the same situation

eg: if i a bday card for mumsy, everyone should be able to / must bday card for mumsy

Limitations :

• rule is not applicable 2 everyone as relationships differ
• life + relationships are not as black + white as we thought
• personal duty must NOT be influenced by anyone else

Question 8

situation ethics

Answer 8

MF : LOVE
WHO ? : Joseph Fletcher / JF’s principle of <3 has some aspects of christian / Jesus LOVE !

MI ? : when making an ethical decision, you must…

• there is an absolute principle of <3 to be applied in each situation
• Pragmatism / relativism / praticalism / positivism

Limitations ! v. subjective // depends on each situation