Types of energy Flashcards
(50 cards)
Define kinetic energy
This is the energy stored by a moving object
Equation for kinetic energy
1/2 x mass x (Speed) ²
Define elastic potential energy
Energy stored in a stretched spring, elastic band
Equation for elastic potential energy
1/2 x spring constant x (extension) ²
Define gravitational potential energy
Energy gained by an object raised above the ground
Equation for gravitational energy
Mass x gpe x height
Equation for energy transferred
Power x time or charge flow x potential difference
Define system and an example
An object or group of objects that interact together
E.g a kettle boiling water
State the 8 energy stores
Kinetic, chemical, internal (thermal), gravitational potential, elastic potential, magnetic, electrostatic, nuclear
How is energy lost or gained typically?
Energy is gained or lost from the object or device from its surroundings
State 5 examples of how energy can be transferred from one store to another
Light, sound, electricity, thermal, kinetic
What is the unit for energy?
Joules (J)
State an example of how energy is converted from one store to another one.
E.g electrical energy transfers chemical energy into thermal energy to heat the water up
What is a closed system
No change in total energy in a system
What is an open system
Energy can dissipate and differ
Equation for work done
Work done = force x distance moved
What is work done?
Doing work transfers energy from one store to another
How is a store changed in energy?
By applying a force to move an object
What is power?
The rate of energy transfer
1 watt of power = 1 joule..
Of energy per second
Equation for power
Energy transferred / time
Work done / time
What are the four energy pathways?
Mechanical, electrical, heat, radiation
What is the mechanical pathway to energy?
The force acting upon the object
What is the electrical pathway of energy?
The electrical current flowing
