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Physics p1 > Types of energy > Flashcards

Types of energy Flashcards

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1
Q

Define kinetic energy

A

This is the energy stored by a moving object

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2
Q

Equation for kinetic energy

A

1/2 x mass x (Speed) ²

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3
Q

Define elastic potential energy

A

Energy stored in a stretched spring, elastic band

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4
Q

Equation for elastic potential energy

A

1/2 x spring constant x (extension) ²

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5
Q

Define gravitational potential energy

A

Energy gained by an object raised above the ground

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6
Q

Equation for gravitational energy

A

Mass x gpe x height

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7
Q

Equation for energy transferred

A

Power x time or charge flow x potential difference

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8
Q

Define system and an example

A

An object or group of objects that interact together
E.g a kettle boiling water

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9
Q

State the 8 energy stores

A

Kinetic, chemical, internal (thermal), gravitational potential, elastic potential, magnetic, electrostatic, nuclear

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10
Q

How is energy lost or gained typically?

A

Energy is gained or lost from the object or device from its surroundings

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11
Q

State 5 examples of how energy can be transferred from one store to another

A

Light, sound, electricity, thermal, kinetic

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12
Q

What is the unit for energy?

A

Joules (J)

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13
Q

State an example of how energy is converted from one store to another one.

A

E.g electrical energy transfers chemical energy into thermal energy to heat the water up

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14
Q

What is a closed system

A

No change in total energy in a system

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15
Q

What is an open system

A

Energy can dissipate and differ

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16
Q

Equation for work done

A

Work done = force x distance moved

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17
Q

What is work done?

A

Doing work transfers energy from one store to another

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18
Q

How is a store changed in energy?

A

By applying a force to move an object

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19
Q

What is power?

A

The rate of energy transfer

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20
Q

1 watt of power = 1 joule..

A

Of energy per second

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21
Q

Equation for power

A

Energy transferred / time
Work done / time

22
Q

What are the four energy pathways?

A

Mechanical, electrical, heat, radiation

23
Q

What is the mechanical pathway to energy?

A

The force acting upon the object

24
Q

What is the electrical pathway of energy?

A

The electrical current flowing

25
Q

What is the heat pathway of energy?

A

Temperature difference between objects

26
Q

What is the radiation pathway of energy?

A

Electromagnetic waves or sound

27
Q

What is specific heat capacity?

A

The energy needed to raide 1kg of substance by 1°C

28
Q

What are the three things specific heat capacity depend on?

A

Mass of substance
What is the substance is
Energy put into the system

29
Q

Equation for change in thermal energy

A

Mass x specific heat capacity x temperature change

30
Q

Unit for specific heat capacity

A

Joules per kilogram degree Celsius ( J/Kg°C)

31
Q

Unit for temperature change

A

Degrees celcius (°C)

32
Q

Unit for work done

A

Joules (J)

33
Q

Unit for force

A

Newton (N)

34
Q

Unit for distance travelled

A

Mètre (m)

35
Q

Unit for power

A

Watts (W)

36
Q

Unit for time

A

Seconds (s)

37
Q

What is useful energy?

A

The energy transferred and used

38
Q

What is wasted energy?

A

The energy dissipated and stored less usefully

39
Q

What is the multiple and standard form for the prefix ‘kilo’ ?

A

Multiple x1000
Standard form 10 to power of 3

40
Q

What is the multiple and standard form to the prefix mega?

A

Multiple x1, 000 000
10 to power of 6

41
Q

What is the multiple and standard form to the prefix giga?

A

Multiple x 100, 000, 000
10 to power of 9

42
Q

State 3 examples of kinetic energy

A

Gunners, busses, comets

43
Q

State 3 examples of gravitational energy

A

Aéroplanes in the sky, kites, mugs on a table

44
Q

State 3 examples of chemical energy

A

Food, muscles, electrical cells

45
Q

State 2 examples of electrostatic energy

A

Thunderclouds, Van de Gruff generators

46
Q

State 2 examples of vibrational energy

A

Atoms, particles in a solid

47
Q

State 3 examples of elastic energy

A

Drawn catapults, compressed springs, inflated balloons

48
Q

State 2 examples of nuclear energy

A

Nuclear fusion of hydrogen / helium in the sun, uranium 245 undergoing fission

49
Q

State 3 examples of thermal energy

A

The human body, hot coffees, stoves or hobs

50
Q
A

Physics p1 (8 decks)

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