Energy resources and using fuels

Question 1

What are the three areas energy is mainly used as fuel?

Answer 1

Transport, heating and electricity

Question 2

How are transport vehicles fuelled?

Answer 2

Petrol, diesel, kerosene produced from oil

Question 3

How is heating fuelled?

Answer 3

Gas and electricity

Question 4

How is electricity fuelled

Answer 4

Mostly generated by fossil fuels

Question 5

Renewable energy makes up about __% of energy consumption

Answer 5

20

Question 6

State the five renewable forms of energy

Answer 6

Solar, wind, hydro electrical energy, biofuel, geothermal

Question 7

State the 2 non renewable energies,

Answer 7

Nuclear and fossil fuels

Question 8

What are the disadvantages / advantages to fossil fuels?

Answer 8

Contributes towards climate change and global warming.
It is very reliable and is burnt to produce electricity cheaply

Question 9

What are the disadvantages / advantages to nuclear energy?

Answer 9

No greenhouse gas produced. Lots of energy produced from small amounts of fuel.

Dangers of radioactivity. Damages environment. Toxic waste needs carefully storing.

Question 10

What are the disadvantages /advantages to biofuel energy?

Answer 10

Plants remove carbon dioxide as they grow. It is very reliable and is a sustainable alternative which uses algae and plantlife to generate electricity.

Deforestation to create large spaces of growing land. Emits carbon dioxide when burning. Disturbs life cycles of species.

Question 11

What are the disadvantages / advantages to tidal energy?

Answer 11

It is predictable due to consistency of rides. No green house gas produced.

It is expensive. A dam is built which may alter habitats and cause issues for ships and boats.

Question 12

What are the disadvantages / advantages to wave energy?

Answer 12

No waste products.

Can be unreliable as it depends on wave output as large waves can stop pistons working

Question 13

What are the disadvantages / advantages to hydroelectric energy?

Answer 13

No waste products, renewable.

Habitats destroyed when dam is built.

Question 14

What are the disadvantages / advantages to wind energy?

Answer 14

Renewable, no waste products.

Unreliable - wind varies. Visual and noise pollution. Dangerous to migrated birds.

Question 15

What are the disadvantages / advantages to solar energy?

Answer 15

Renewable, no waste products.

Expensive manufacturing and installation. Unreliable due to light intensity.

Question 16

What are the disadvantages / advantages to geothermal energy?

Answer 16

Renewable, clean. No greenhouse gases produced.

Limited to a small number of countries. The power stations can cause earthquake tremors.

Question 17

How is a generator powered?

Answer 17

An energy resource Is burnt to make steam to drive a turbine which drives the generator.

Question 18

What is a power stations purpose?

Answer 18

To generate electricity

Question 19

What are the five stages to a power station generating electricity?

Answer 19

Fuel burnt releasing thermal energy
Water boils into steam
Steal turns turbine
Turbine turns generator
Generator induces voltage

Question 20

What is the purpose of the national grid?

Answer 20

Transports electricity across the UK

Question 21

What are the five stages to electricity being transferred by the national grid?

Answer 21

Power station
-> step up transformer
-> pylons
-> step down transformer
-> houses / factories / buildings

Question 22

Define a non renewable energy resource

Answer 22

These will run out. It is a finite reserve. It cannot be replenished

Question 23

Define a renewable resource.

Answer 23

These will never run out, it is an infinite reserve, it can be replenished.