Particle model, pressure, internal energy transfers

Question 1

What is the particle arrangement like for solids?

Answer 1

Packed in a regular structure, strong intermolecular forces between the particles hold in place so cannot move.

Question 2

What is the main property of a solid?

Answer 2

It is difficult to change shape

Question 3

What is the particle arrangement like for liquids?

Answer 3

The particles are close together, forces keep contact but can move about within the particles

Question 4

What are the two main properties for liquids?

Answer 4

They can change shape but are difficult to compress

Question 5

What is the particle arrangement like for gases?

Answer 5

The particles are separated by large distances. Weak forces so the particles are constantly moving randomly.

Question 6

What are the two main properties of gases?

Answer 6

They can expand to fill a space and are easiest to compress.

Question 7

What happens to the pressure of a fixed volume of gas as temperatures increases?

Answer 7

It increases

Question 8

How does pressure increase when temperature increases?

Answer 8

The speed of particles increases so there is more frequent collisions with more force so pressure increases

Question 9

If kinetic energy increases so do the ____________ of the gas

Answer 9

Temperature

Question 10

What amount of kinetic energy is lost when gas particles collide with each other or the container?

Answer 10

No amount

Question 11

Gas particles are in a ________ state of random motion

Answer 11

Constant

Question 12

What is the equation for density?

Answer 12

Density = mass / volume

Question 13

What is density?

Answer 13

Mass or a substance in a given volume

Question 14

What is the specific latent heat?

Answer 14

This is the energy needed to change 1kg of a substances state

Question 15

What is the specific latent heat of fusion?

Answer 15

Energy needed to change 1kg of solid into 1kg of liquid at the same temperature

Question 16

What is the specific latent heat of vaporisation?

Answer 16

Energy needed to change 1kg of liquid into 1kg of gas at the same temperature

Question 17

Unit for density?

Answer 17

Kilograms per metre cubed (Kg/m cubed)

Question 18

Unit for mass

Answer 18

Kilograms (Kg)

Question 19

Unit for volume

Answer 19

Metres cubed (m cubed)

Question 20

Unit for energy needed

Answer 20

Joules (J)

Question 21

Unit for specific latent heat

Answer 21

Joule per kilogram (J/Kg)

Question 22

Unit for change in thermal energy

Answer 22

Joules (J)

Question 23

Unit for specific heat capacity

Answer 23

Joule per kilogram degrees Celsius (J/kg °C)

Question 24

Unit for temperature change

Answer 24

Degrees Celsius (°C)

Question 25

Units for pressure

Answer 25

Pascals (Pa)

Question 26

What causes a temperature change due to work?

Answer 26

When work is done the temperature increases, for example, if pumping air quickly into a ball, the air gets hot because as the piston in the pumps moves the particles bounce off increasing kinetic energy.

Question 27

What is specific heat capacity?

Answer 27

Energy needed to raise 1kg of substance by 1°C

Question 28

What does specific heat capacity depend on? X3

Answer 28

Mass of substance
What the substance is
Energy put into the system

Question 29

Equation for energy needed

Answer 29

Mass x specific latent heat

Question 30

What are two ways pressure is increased?

Answer 30

Reducing the volume of a fixed mass of gas Increases the pressure halving the volume doubles the pressure

Question 31

What is the equation for change in thermal energy

Answer 31

Mass x specific heat capacity x temperature change

Question 32

What is internal energy?

Answer 32

This is the energy stored inside a system by particles

Question 33

What forms internal energy?

Answer 33

Internal energy is the total kinetic and potential energy of all the particles (atoms and molecules) in a system.

Question 34

What changes the energy stored within a system ?

Answer 34

Heating

Question 35

Why does heating change the energy stored within a system?

Answer 35

As heating increases the particles begin to separate and the temperature is increased. This leads to the particles moving more faster so kinetic energy of particles increases