Types Of Diseases And How They Spread

Question 1

Communicable diseases

Answer 1

Can be transmitted from one person to another

Question 2

Non communicable diseases

Answer 2

Cannot be transmitted from one person to the other

Question 3

Give me some examples of communicable diseases

Answer 3

Measles, mumps, rubella, malaria

Question 4

Give me some examples of non communicable diseases

Answer 4

Cancer, heart attack, diabetes, asthma

Question 5

What is a pathogen

Answer 5

Microbes that can cause harm (they can become extremely dangerous)

Question 6

What are the 3 main types of pathogens

Answer 6

Bacteria, fungi, virus

Question 7

What are microbes

Answer 7

Very small living things that can only be seen clearly with a microscope

Question 8

Microbe:bacteria,
Describe its structure

Answer 8

Cocci are spherical in shape. Bacilli are rod shaped. Spirochetes are spirals. Some may have a long filament called a flagellum attached-this allows them to move.

Question 9

Microbe: bacteria,
Why is it dangerous

Answer 9

Bacteria are responsible for numerous illnesses including; MRSA, salmonella and tuberculosis. They also cause food to go off. Bacterial infections can be treated with antibiotics.

Question 10

Microbe: bacteria,
Why can it be useful

Answer 10

Some are very useful to humans- e.g. for the production of yoghurt, treating sewage and in genetic engineering.

Question 11

Microbe: virus,
Describe its structure

Answer 11

Their structure has a head capsule (that contains DNA) with a long tail with an end plate attached.

Question 12

Microbe: virus,
How can it be dangerous

Answer 12

Viruses cause many diseases including all flu (the influenza virus) , chicken pox, mumps and AIDS (the HIV virus). Flu viruses can change into many different forms meaning that you cannot be immune to the flu.

Question 13

Microbe: virus,
How can it be useful

Answer 13

Humans can also make use of viruses in genetic engineering - to alter DNA of things - alter their genes.

Question 14

Microbe : fungi,
Describe the function

Answer 14

They have a spore case and a network of threads forming a structure called a mycelium.

Question 15

Microbe: fungi,
How can it be dangerous

Answer 15

Fungi are responsible for the athletes foot infection as well as ringworm and thrush. They also spoil food, e.g. mould in bread

Question 16

Microbe: fungi,
How can it be useful

Answer 16

Yeast is probably the best known fungus- it is used in the baking and brewing industries. Fungi are also used in the cheese industry , think of smelly blue cheeses.

Question 17

What are the 4 different ways pathogens are spread?

Answer 17

Airborne, direct contact, indirect contact, in water

Question 18

Give me an example of how pathogens spread with direct contact

Answer 18

Shaking hands

Question 19

Give me an example of how pathogens can spread with water

Answer 19

Dirty water can transmit many diseases, such as cholera bacterium

Question 20

Give me an example of how pathogens can spread with air

Answer 20

When a person who is infected by the common cold sneezes, they can spray thousands of tiny droplets containing virus particles to infect others.

Question 21

Give me an example of how pathogens can spread with unhygienic food preparation

Answer 21

Undercooked or reheated food can cause bacterial diseases like escherichia coli which is a cause of food poisoning.

Question 22

Give me an example of how pathogens can spread with vector

Answer 22

Any organism that can spread a disease is called a vector. Many farmers think tuberculosis in their cattle can be spread by badgers.