How The Human Body Prevents Pathogens Invading 2 Flashcards
What do lymphocytes do
These are the cells that produce antibodies.
How do lymphocytes prevent the body from infection
When a lymphocyte encounters a microbe it will produce antibody molecules- these join onto a specific part of the microbe called the antigen.
After the antibody joins to the antigen what happens
It can instantly cause the microbe to rupture or it can cause them to group together.
What does rupturing of the cells do
Causes them to die, their numbers therefore decrease over time and the infection is reduced.
What does grouping of the pathogens allow
Grouping of the pathogens in one place allows the phagocyte cells to digest a large number in an efficient way. Reducing infection + preventing spreading
What is there for every different microbe you encounter
A new antibody produced. Antibodies are very specific.
How will you feel when an antibody is being produced
The production of an antibody can take some time - during this period you will feel ill or have symptoms of the infection.
How do phagocytes vs lymphocytes fight infection
Phagocytes -engulf and digest pathogens.
Lymphocytes - produce antibodies to attach to antigens. Kill infected cells.
What are memory cells
When you have experienced 1 type of pathogen the immune system produces specialised cells called memory cells.
Stay in body - if u get infected again - immune system responds quickly
Why do you only have chicken pox one time
You become immune to them because of memory cells.
What does a lymphocyte divide by
Mitosis
