Types of CVA

Question 1

What occurs in a CVA (two types?)

Answer 1

Occurs when blood vessels carrying oxygen and nutrients to a specific part of the brain become blocked (ischemic) or burst (hemorrhagic)

Question 2

Approximately ___ % of strokes are ischemic, ___% hemorrhagic

Answer 2

80%, 20%

Question 3

In CVA, Primary region of impairment will become _____ (neural cell death) and surrounding regions might have some _____

Answer 3

necrotic, swelling (will spontaneously recover over time)

Question 4

define Hypoxia

Answer 4

when oxygen supply to brain is cut off

Question 5

What are the warning signs of stroke? (4)

Answer 5

· Unilateral numbness or weakness
· Difficulty speaking/understanding language
· Loss of balance/dizziness
· Changes to vision

Question 6

What does FAST stand for

Answer 6

Facial drooping, Arm weakness, Speech disturbance, Time to call 911

Question 7

What are the two types of ischemic stroke (occlusive)?

Answer 7

1. Thrombotic: thrombus/clot generated in the brain gradually builds up, eventually occluding
2. Embolic: debris (e.g. clot) that travel form the body to the brain and cause a blockage

Question 8

Symptoms in thrombotic stroke are typically ________ (hours to days)

Answer 8

progressive

Question 9

Which type of ischemic stroke has a sudden onset of symptoms?

Answer 9

Embolic

Question 10

Hemorrhagic strokes (bursts) can be _____ or ____ leaking

Answer 10

fast or slow

Question 11

Hemorrhagic stroke (burst) interrupts blood supply to target regions and may also increase __________ in the brain (physically damaging nearby brain structures)

Answer 11

intracranial pressure

Question 12

a burst will Interrupt blood supply downstream causing ____ blood pressure there

Answer 12

weaker

Question 13

What are Potential causes/pre-existing conditions associated with Hemorrhagic stroke

Answer 13

Ø AVM: arteriovenous malformation (congenital – arteries are malformed & more at risk of bursting, may not have sufficient wall thickness)
Ø Chronic arterial hypertension (thinning, weakening, ballooning – aneurysm)

Question 14

What are the 3 subtypes of Hemorrhagic stroke

Answer 14

Ø Intracerebral: hypertensive; bleeding AVM
Ø Subarachnoid: bleeding in subarachnoid space (common with TBI)
Ø Aneurysm: ballooning of a weakened blood vessel (at risk of bursting if not treated)

Question 15

Temporary disruption of blood flow to the brain – “mini stroke” is termed?

Answer 15

Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)

Question 16

TIA Typically has ____ onset with resolution within ___h

Answer 16

sudden, 24

Question 17

____ may indicate larger stroke risk/warning in future

Answer 17

TIA