Types of Bones

Question 1

Long Bone

Answer 1

Greater length than width. Consist of long shaft (compact bone) with two epiphyses (spongy bone). Act as levers for movements, typically have curvature (adds strength) to absorb more stress.

Question 2

Short Bone

Answer 2

Almost equal in length and width, almost cubic. Composed of mostly spongy bone with thin layer of compact bone.

Question 3

Flat Bone

Answer 3

Thin and smooth composed of two parallel layers of compact bone (tables) filled with thin layer of spongy bone (diploe). Found in areas needing protection. Can serve as site for muscle attachement.

Question 4

Irregular Bone

Answer 4

Complex shapes that cannot be grouped into other categories. Varied proportion of compact and spongy bone.

Question 5

Sesamoid Bone

Answer 5

Develop as a result of stress in the tendon. May not be fully ossified (part cartilage), typically only a few millimeters. Differ from person to person. Function: better mechanical advantage for tendons by improving the angle of action and protecting from stress.

Question 6

Long Bone Examples

Answer 6

Humerus, Ulna, Radius, Femur, Tibia, Fibula

Question 7

Short Bone Examples

Answer 7

Carpal and Tarsal Bones

Question 8

Flat Bone Examples

Answer 8

Sternum, Scapula, Parietal, Occipital, Frontal, Temporal, Ribs, Pelvic Bones

Question 9

Irregular Bone Examples

Answer 9

Sphenoid, Ethmoid, Hyoid, Sacrum, Vertebrae

Question 10

Sesamoid Bone Examples

Answer 10

Patellae, Sesamoid Bone of the thumb and hallux