Types Of Bonding Flashcards
Where does ionic bonding occur?
Between a metal and a non-metal atom
What happens when an atom loses electrons?
It forms an ion with a positive charge and the charge will be equal to the number of electrons lost
What happens when an atom gains electrons?
It forms an ion with a negative charge and the charge will be qual to the number of electrons gained
Why do atoms react?
To get a full outer shell
Why does the position of an element in the periodic table determine the charge of an ion?
If an atom is in a specific group it will have a different charge to the ones in other groups
What are the properties of ionic compounds?
Melting point
Ability to conduct electricity
What is a subatomic particle?
A particle that’s smaller than an atom
What is the relative atomic mass?
The average mass of all the isotopes of an element
How is RAM calculated?
Mass of isotope x % abundance + mass of isotope x % abundance / 100
What is the equation for RAM?
Mass of isotope
What happens when a metal gives electrons to a non metal in an ionic compound?
The are 2 oppositely charged ions
What is an ionic bond?
A strong electrostatic attraction between two oppositely charged ions resulting in an ionic compound
What is the structure of an ionic compound?
The ions in an ionic compound are arranged in a regular pattern called a lattice
What is a lattice?
Regular repeating arrangement of ions
When does covalent bonding occur?
When 2 non-metals react the atoms share elements to gain a full outer shell and produce a molecule
How are covalent compounds made?
Between different non-metals, they can be single, double or triple
What are properties of simple covalent molecules?
Mainly gases at room temperature, low melting point, (weak inter-molecular forces between molecules) don’t conduct electricity.
What is allotropes?
Different forms of the same element e.g. diamond, graphite and fullerenes are different forms of carbon
What are examples of giant covalent structures?
Allotropes, diamond, graphite
What arrangement does diamond have?
3D tectrahedral arrangement, with each carbon making 4 bonds
What arrangement does graphite have?
A hexagonal layer in which carbon makes 3 covalent bonds
What can diamonds be used for?
Make cutting tools
What is graphite used to make?
Lube
