Type 2 Diabetes

Question 1

What are 3 main characteristics of T2DM?

Answer 1

1. Insulin resistance
2. Relative impairment in insulin secretion
3. Hyperglycemia

Question 2

What is a major cause of secondary insulin resistance?

Answer 2

Obesity

Question 3

What is MODY involved with? which form is most common in US, Europe?

Answer 3

MODY 3 - involved in development of insulin receptor

Question 4

What is the first sign of T2DM?

Answer 4

impaired glucose tolerance

Question 5

What are some factors released by adipose tissue?

Answer 5

Leptin - satiety
Adiponectin
TNF-a
Plasminogen activator inhibitor
Resistin
Chemokines

Question 6

What does a high HOMA-IR mean?

Answer 6

low insulin sensitivity (insulin RESISTANCE)

Question 7

What is the DPP study?

Answer 7

excercise + lifestyle changes reduce DM incidence

metformin reduces DM incidence

Question 8

What is amylin?

Answer 8

stored in insulin secretory granules in beta cells

-high levels decrease glucose uptake and inhibit insulin secretion = may be involved with T2DM pathogenesis

Question 9

What is the ADA criteria for Dx of Diabetes? (A1C, FPG, two hour plasma glucose OGTT, random PG)

Answer 9

A1C > 6.5
FPG > 126 mg/dL
2hr PG > 200 during OGTT
>200 mg/dL random PG