Type 2 Diabetes

Question 1

What is the definition of type 2 diabetes?

Answer 1

Hyperglycaemia over a prolonged period

Question 2

What are the risk factors for type 2 diabetes?

Answer 2

Obesity
South Asian
Family history
Hypertension
>45
Previous GDM
PCOS

Question 3

How does type 2 diabetes present?

Answer 3

Polydipsia
Polyuria
Polyphagia
Blurring of vision
Tiredness
Weakness
Lethargy
Weight loss

Question 4

What is the cause of type 2 diabetes?

Answer 4

Insulin resistance due to ‘fat’ build up in receptor or a defect in the hormone cascade

Question 5

What are the investigations for type 2 diabetes?

Answer 5

HbA1c
Fasting glucose
Random glucose

Question 6

What is the management of type 2 diabetes?

Answer 6

Weight loss, lifestyle advice

Medication - metformin, sulphonylureas, thiazolidinediones, GLP1 analogues, DPP-4 inhibitors, SGLT2, insulin

Question 7

Name a sulphonylurea

Answer 7

Gliclazide

Question 8

Name 2 thiazlidinediones

Answer 8

Pioglitazone

Rosiglitazone

Question 9

Name 2 SGLT2 inhibitors

Answer 9

Dapagliflozin

Canagliflozin

Question 10

Name 2 DPP-4 inhibitors

Answer 10

Sitagliptin

Saxagliptin

Question 11

Name 2 GLP-1 receptor agonists

Answer 11

Exenatide

Liraglutide

Question 12

Which medications can cause hypoglycaemia?

Answer 12

Gliclazide
Pioglitazone
Rosiglitazone

Question 13

What are the complications of type 2 diabetes?

Answer 13

Nephropathy
Retinopathy
Neuropathy
Amputation
CVD
CHF
Stroke
Infection
Hypoglycaemia
Diabetic foot
Poor wound healing