DKA Flashcards
1
Q
What is it?
A
Acute metabolic complication of diabetes, characterised by absolute or relative insulin deficiency causing hyperglycaemia - usually type 1 diabetes
2
Q
What are the risk factors?
A
Infection (pneumonia, UTI) Discontinuation of insulin Inadequate insulin New onset (MI, sepsis, pancreatitis) Physiological stress
3
Q
How does it present?
A
Nausea and vomiting Abdo pain Dehydration Hyperventilation Reduced consciousness
4
Q
What are the investigations?
A
VBG (>7 mild to moderate, <7 severe)
Blood ketones
Blood glucose
U+Es, FBC
5
Q
What is the management?
A
IV fluids + K
Fixed rate IV insulin infusion
A-E
6
Q
What are the complications?
A
Death Hypokalaemia Hypoglycaemia VTE Cerebral oedema Pulmonary oedema
