Tutorial 9 - ENT (B) - terminology Flashcards
1
Q
Where are the nasal cavity and nasopharynx in relation to each other?
A
2
Q
What are the nares of the nose?
A
- External nares - Nostrils
- Internal nares - the space where air enters the nasopharynx from the nasal cavity
3
Q
Describe the anatomy of the nasal septum.
A
- Anterior portion made from cartilage
- Posterior portion made from bone(ethmoid)
4
Q
What are the nasal conchae and meatuses?
A
- Nasal conchae are tiny bony structures which provide a greater surface area for warming/humidification of air. There are 3 of these - inferior, middle and superior.
- Nasal meatuses are found inferior to each respective nasal conchae. They receive the drainage of the nasolacrimal duct and paranasal sinuses.
5
Q
What is littles area?
A
- Found on the anterior nasal septum, rich supply of blood, 5 blood vessels anastomise here.
6
Q
Name the 4 sinuses in the face.
A
- Ethmoidal
- Maxillary
- Frontal
- Sphenoid
7
Q
Where are the soft and hard palates?
A
- Hard plate located more anterior.
- Soft palate located more posteriorly
8
Q
Where is the nasopharynx located?
A
- The nasopharynx is the most superior aspect of the pharynx.
- Superiorly it is bounded by base of skull, inferiorly it is bounded by the soft palate.
9
Q
Where is the cribiform plate?
A
- The cribiform plate is the portion of the ethmoid bone which makes up the roof of the nasal cavity.
- It helps transmit the olfactory nerves into the skull to the brain.
10
Q
Describe the path of the Eustachian tube?
A
- The Eustachian tube passes from the middle ear through to the nasopharynx(where the adenoids are also found).
11
Q
What are the main functions of the nose?
A
- Warm / moisten air to enter the lungs.
- Immune barrier
- Smell
- Speech
12
Q
Where are the oropharynx and laryngopharynx located?
A
- Oropharynx - Anterior the mouth, posterior C2/C3, inferior epiglottis, superior nasopharynx. Contains the palatine tonsils.
- Laryngopharynx - Anterior the larynx, posterior C4,5,6, superior the oropharynx / epiglottis, inferior the oesophagus/cricoid cartilage. Contains the piriform fossa.
13
Q
Name the 3 major salivary glands and where they are.
A
- Sublingual
- Sub mandibular
- Parotid gland
14
Q
Where is the retromolar trigone?
A
15
Q
Where are the anterior and posterior tonsillar pillars?
A
- Anterior (palatoglossus muscle)
- Posterior(palatopharangeus muscle)
16
Q
What tonsils are there?
A
- Waldeyers ring
- Adenoids, tubal, palatine, lingual tonsils
17
Q
Where is the uvula?
A
18
Q
Where is the SCM?
A
19
Q
Name the parts of the larynx and where they are located.
A
- Hyoid bone
- Thyrohyoid membrane
- Thyroid cartilage
- Thyro-cricoid membrane
- Cricoid cartilage
- Thyroid gland
