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Microbiology > Tutorial 6 - Growth Requirements > Flashcards

Tutorial 6 - Growth Requirements Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what are the physical requirements of bacterial growth?

A

temperature, pH and osmotic pressure

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2
Q

what are the chemical requirements of bacterial growth?

A

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur

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3
Q

what is a heterotroph?

A

organisms that use an organic source of energy

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4
Q

what is an autotroph?

A

bacteria that use CO2 as their principle source of carbon

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5
Q

what is a chemoorganotroph?

A

uses organic chemicals as carbon source

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6
Q

what is a chemolithotroph?

A

use inorganic chemicals as carbon source

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7
Q

what is a growth factor?

A

a compound that is required for growth but cannot be synthesised itself

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8
Q

what are some examples of growth factors?

A

amino acids, vitamins or haemins

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9
Q

what is an extremophile?

A

organisms that grow in extreme temperatures

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10
Q

what are cardinal temperatures?

A

the minimum, optimum and maximum temperatures at which the bacteria grow

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11
Q

what is a psychrophile?

A

found in the poles, optimum temperature of 15 and minimal growth at 0

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12
Q

what is water activity?

A

measure of the water available

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13
Q

what is a psychotroph?

A

optimum temperature of 20, cannot grow above 40

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14
Q

what is a mesophile?

A

optimum temperature of 37-40

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15
Q

what kind of bacteria are mesophiles?

A

pathogens

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16
Q

what is a thermophile?

A

optimum temperature of 60, some grow as high as 80

17
Q

what is a halophile?

A

thrives in high salt conditions

18
Q

what is a halotolerant?

A

can tolerate raised salt levels of around 10%

19
Q

what is an osomophile?

A

tolerates high sugar solutions

20
Q

what does a microbe need if it does not require oxygen?

A

an electron acceptor for metabolism

21
Q

what is an obligate aerobe?

A

need oxygen to grow

22
Q

what is an obligate anaerobe?

A

does not need oxygen and can be poisoned by it

23
Q

what is a facultative anaerobe?

A

does not require oxygen but grows better if present

24
Q

what is a microaerophile?

A

requires a specific level of oxygen

25
Q

what is an aero tolerant anaerobe?

A

grows equally well with or without oxygen

26
Q

what is an acidophils?

A

grows in an acidic environment

27
Q

what is an alkalophile?

A

grows in an alkaline environment

28
Q

in what pH does bacteria usually grow?

A

pH 6.5-7.5

29
Q

In what pH does yeast usually grow?

A

pH 5-6

Microbiology (11 decks)

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