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Part 4 Boards X-ray > TUMORS > Flashcards

TUMORS Flashcards

1
Q

10-25

Most commonly found in diaphysis of long bones

A

Ewing’s sarcoma

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2
Q

Permeative lesion that causes a multi-paralleled onion skin (laminated) type of periosteal reaction
Bone expansion
Codman’s triangle
Saucerization

A

Ewing’s sarcoma

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3
Q

M/c malignancy found in children

A

Osteosarcoma

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4
Q

10-30

A

Osteosarcoma

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5
Q

Labs osteosarcoma

A

Increased alkaline phosphatase

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6
Q

Special test osteosarcoma

A

Bone scan

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7
Q

Chondrosarcoma age

A

> 40

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8
Q

Fibrosarcoma age

A

> 40

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9
Q 
Encapsulated
Short zone of transition
Geographic lesion
Incidental findings
No labs
Refer to orthopedist
A

Benign bone tumors

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10
Q

Benign bone tumorsUsually asymptomatic except

A

Osteoid osteoma

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11
Q 
Skeletal pain worse at night
Unexplained weight loss
Cachexia
Long zone of transition
Non-encapsulated
Permeative pattern of destruction
Refer to oncologist
A

Malignant bone tumors

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12
Q

Bone pain

Older

A

Malignant bone tumors

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13
Q

Grows from the center outward
<20
Diaphyseal/metaphyseal location
Concentric/centrally located

A

Unicameral bone cyst (UBC)

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14
Q

UBC aka

A

Simple bone cyst (SBC)

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15
Q

Associated with fallen fragment sign
Fluid filled tumor
Always symmetrical
Extends cortex to cortex

A

Unicameral bone cyst

Simple bone cyst

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16
Q

<20
Diaphyseal/metaphyseal location
Eccentrically located
Expands bone

A

ABC

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17
Q

ABC

A

Aneurysmal bone cyst

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18
Q

Blood filled tumor (blood spongy filled)
Associated with blister of bone or finger in balloon appearance
Asymmetrical

A

Aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC)

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19
Q

Giant cell tumor aka

A

GCT

Osteoclastoma

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20
Q

Knee
Wrist
Sacrum

A

GCT

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21
Q

Epiphyseal/metaphyseal location

20-40

A

Giant cell tumor

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22
Q

20% of the time quasi-malignant

Associated with soap bubble appearance (saponaceous)

A

GCT

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23
Q

Epiphyseal/metaphyseal location
<20
Open growth plates

A

Chondroblastoma

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24
Q

Small fibrous tumor that affects the metaphysis of the bone
Don’t expand bone
Under 8 years of age
Under 2 cm

A

Fibrous cortical defect

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25
Q 
Small fibrous tumor that affects the metaphysis of the bone
Don’t expand bone
Scallop, almost bubbly
Over 9 years of age
Over 2 cm
A

Non-ossifying fibroma

26
Q

Monostotic form associated with rind sign - 70%

Physiologic resorption of normal bone replaced by fibrous tissue

A

Fibrous dysplasia

27
Q

Causes deformity saber shin tibia and shepprds crook
Ground glass appearance
Cafe au leit spots with coast of maine appearance

A

Fibrous dysplasia

28
Q

Most common BBT of the spine

A

Hemangioma

29
Q

Will appear with vertical striations called corduroy cloth or jail bar vertebrae
If more than 2 segments osteoporosis

A

Hemangioma

30
Q

Night pain relieved by aspirin
Deep pain
Radiolucent central nidus with severe reactive sclerosis and bone expansion
Small black hole surrounded by a LOT of white

A

Osteoid osteoma

31
Q

Nubmer one diff is brodies abscess - adv osteomyelitis

A

Osteoid osteoma

32
Q

Cauliflower like pedunculated, coat hanger exostosis, cartilaginous cap

A

Osteochondroma

33
Q

Sessile aka broad based exostosis like little mountain

A

Osteochondroma

34
Q

Most common BBT of the appendicular skeleton

A

Osteochondroma

35
Q

Always point away from joint

Hereditary multiple exostosis (HME) are multipl

A

Osteochondromas

36
Q

HME’s can be

A

Quasi-malignant

37
Q

Most people don’t know they have them

A

Osteochondroma

38
Q

Most common BBT of the hand or foot

A

Enchondroma

39
Q 
Thinned cortex
May have a stippled appearance
Matrix calcification
Expansile but never breaks it
Geographic - isolated to one specific area of spien
A

Enchondroma

40
Q

Multiple enchondromas is called

A

Ollier’s disease

41
Q

Ollier’s

A

10-50% rate of malignant degeneration

42
Q

Mafucci’s

A

Multiple enchondromas ollier’s disease with swelling and deformity

43
Q

M/c BBT to affect teh neural arch and cause bone expansion

A

Osteoblastoma

44
Q

Affect neural arch and cause bone expansion

A

Osteoblastoma
ABC
GCT

45
Q

M/c BBT to affect the skull

46
Q

M/c found in the frontal sinus and best seen on the caldwell projection

47
Q

Brodie’s abscess aka

A

Chronic osteomyelitis

48
Q

Night pain relieved by aspirin

A

Brodie’s abscess

49
Q

Multiple bone islands (enostomas)
Tiny white dots within a bone
Small white densities similar in size and shape

A

Osteopoikilosis

50
Q 
No labs 
M/c found in humerus, pelvis, hands and feet
Bone-in-bone
Hepatosplenomegaly
Any age
A

Osteopoikilosis

51
Q

Polka dot bones - systemic

A

Osteopoikilosis

52
Q

Systemic

A

Every bone affected

53
Q

Osteopetrosis aka

A

Albers schonbergs

Marble bone disease

54
Q

In extremities - every bone on film ivory white vertebrae

A

Osteopetrosis

55
Q

Radiographic sign osteopetrosis

A

Marble bone

56
Q

Bone-in-bone

Sandwich vertebrae

A

Osteopetrosis

57
Q

Bone infarct aka

A

Osteonecrosis

Caisson’s disease

58
Q

AVN to the metaphysis of bone in medulla

M/c distal tibia or prox humerus

A

Bone infarct

59
Q

Seen in deep sea divers and flight attendants
Diabetics
Pilots

A

Bone infarct

60
Q

Radiographic signs bone infarct

A

Sepemginous calcification (snake-like)

61
Q

Most common joint affected is knee
White popcorn like appearance in and around synovial joints
Bakers cyst calcified could be too

A

Synoviochondrometaplasia
Synovio-osteochondromatosis
Chondrodystrophic calcification

62
Q

Major cause synoviochondrometaplasia

A

Trauma and adv DJD
Will never extend past joint capsule
Will not hit every bone

Part 4 Boards X-ray (22 decks)

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