TUMORS

Question 1

10-25

Most commonly found in diaphysis of long bones

Answer 1

Ewing’s sarcoma

Question 2

Permeative lesion that causes a multi-paralleled onion skin (laminated) type of periosteal reaction
Bone expansion
Codman’s triangle
Saucerization

Answer 2

Ewing’s sarcoma

Question 3

M/c malignancy found in children

Answer 3

Osteosarcoma

Question 4

10-30

Answer 4

Osteosarcoma

Question 5

Labs osteosarcoma

Answer 5

Increased alkaline phosphatase

Question 6

Special test osteosarcoma

Answer 6

Bone scan

Question 7

Chondrosarcoma age

Answer 7

> 40

Question 8

Fibrosarcoma age

Answer 8

> 40

Question 9

Encapsulated
Short zone of transition
Geographic lesion
Incidental findings
No labs
Refer to orthopedist

Answer 9

Benign bone tumors

Question 10

Benign bone tumorsUsually asymptomatic except

Answer 10

Osteoid osteoma

Question 11

Skeletal pain worse at night
Unexplained weight loss
Cachexia
Long zone of transition
Non-encapsulated
Permeative pattern of destruction
Refer to oncologist

Answer 11

Malignant bone tumors

Question 12

Bone pain

Older

Answer 12

Malignant bone tumors

Question 13

Grows from the center outward
<20
Diaphyseal/metaphyseal location
Concentric/centrally located

Answer 13

Unicameral bone cyst (UBC)

Question 14

UBC aka

Answer 14

Simple bone cyst (SBC)

Question 15

Associated with fallen fragment sign
Fluid filled tumor
Always symmetrical
Extends cortex to cortex

Answer 15

Unicameral bone cyst

Simple bone cyst

Question 16

<20
Diaphyseal/metaphyseal location
Eccentrically located
Expands bone

Answer 16

ABC

Question 17

ABC

Answer 17

Aneurysmal bone cyst

Question 18

Blood filled tumor (blood spongy filled)
Associated with blister of bone or finger in balloon appearance
Asymmetrical

Answer 18

Aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC)

Question 19

Giant cell tumor aka

Answer 19

GCT

Osteoclastoma

Question 20

Knee
Wrist
Sacrum

Answer 20

GCT

Question 21

Epiphyseal/metaphyseal location

20-40

Answer 21

Giant cell tumor

Question 22

20% of the time quasi-malignant

Associated with soap bubble appearance (saponaceous)

Answer 22

GCT

Question 23

Epiphyseal/metaphyseal location
<20
Open growth plates

Answer 23

Chondroblastoma

Question 24

Small fibrous tumor that affects the metaphysis of the bone
Don’t expand bone
Under 8 years of age
Under 2 cm

Answer 24

Fibrous cortical defect

Question 25

``` Small fibrous tumor that affects the metaphysis of the bone Don’t expand bone Scallop, almost bubbly Over 9 years of age Over 2 cm ```

Answer 25

Non-ossifying fibroma

Question 26

Monostotic form associated with rind sign - 70% | Physiologic resorption of normal bone replaced by fibrous tissue

Answer 26

Fibrous dysplasia

Question 27

Causes deformity saber shin tibia and shepprds crook Ground glass appearance Cafe au leit spots with coast of maine appearance

Answer 27

Fibrous dysplasia

Question 28

Most common BBT of the spine

Answer 28

Hemangioma

Question 29

Will appear with vertical striations called corduroy cloth or jail bar vertebrae If more than 2 segments osteoporosis

Answer 29

Hemangioma

Question 30

Night pain relieved by aspirin Deep pain Radiolucent central nidus with severe reactive sclerosis and bone expansion Small black hole surrounded by a LOT of white

Answer 30

Osteoid osteoma

Question 31

Nubmer one diff is brodies abscess - adv osteomyelitis

Answer 31

Osteoid osteoma

Question 32

Cauliflower like pedunculated, coat hanger exostosis, cartilaginous cap

Answer 32

Osteochondroma

Question 33

Sessile aka broad based exostosis like little mountain

Answer 33

Osteochondroma

Question 34

Most common BBT of the appendicular skeleton

Answer 34

Osteochondroma

Question 35

Always point away from joint | Hereditary multiple exostosis (HME) are multipl

Answer 35

Osteochondromas

Question 36

HME’s can be

Answer 36

Quasi-malignant

Question 37

Most people don’t know they have them

Answer 37

Osteochondroma

Question 38

Most common BBT of the hand or foot

Answer 38

Enchondroma

Question 39

``` Thinned cortex May have a stippled appearance Matrix calcification Expansile but never breaks it Geographic - isolated to one specific area of spien ```

Answer 39

Enchondroma

Question 40

Multiple enchondromas is called

Answer 40

Ollier’s disease

Question 41

Ollier’s

Answer 41

10-50% rate of malignant degeneration

Question 42

Mafucci’s

Answer 42

Multiple enchondromas ollier’s disease with swelling and deformity

Question 43

M/c BBT to affect teh neural arch and cause bone expansion

Answer 43

Osteoblastoma

Question 44

Affect neural arch and cause bone expansion

Answer 44

Osteoblastoma ABC GCT

Question 45

M/c BBT to affect the skull

Answer 45

Osteoma

Question 46

M/c found in the frontal sinus and best seen on the caldwell projection

Answer 46

Osteoma

Question 47

Brodie’s abscess aka

Answer 47

Chronic osteomyelitis

Question 48

Night pain relieved by aspirin

Answer 48

Brodie’s abscess

Question 49

Multiple bone islands (enostomas) Tiny white dots within a bone Small white densities similar in size and shape

Answer 49

Osteopoikilosis

Question 50

``` No labs M/c found in humerus, pelvis, hands and feet Bone-in-bone Hepatosplenomegaly Any age ```

Answer 50

Osteopoikilosis

Question 51

Polka dot bones - systemic

Answer 51

Osteopoikilosis

Question 52

Systemic

Answer 52

Every bone affected

Question 53

Osteopetrosis aka

Answer 53

Albers schonbergs | Marble bone disease

Question 54

In extremities - every bone on film ivory white vertebrae

Answer 54

Osteopetrosis

Question 55

Radiographic sign osteopetrosis

Answer 55

Marble bone

Question 56

Bone-in-bone | Sandwich vertebrae

Answer 56

Osteopetrosis

Question 57

Bone infarct aka

Answer 57

Osteonecrosis | Caisson’s disease

Question 58

AVN to the metaphysis of bone in medulla | M/c distal tibia or prox humerus

Answer 58

Bone infarct

Question 59

Seen in deep sea divers and flight attendants Diabetics Pilots

Answer 59

Bone infarct

Question 60

Radiographic signs bone infarct

Answer 60

Sepemginous calcification (snake-like)

Question 61

Most common joint affected is knee White popcorn like appearance in and around synovial joints Bakers cyst calcified could be too

Answer 61

Synoviochondrometaplasia Synovio-osteochondromatosis Chondrodystrophic calcification

Question 62

Major cause synoviochondrometaplasia

Answer 62

Trauma and adv DJD Will never extend past joint capsule Will not hit every bone