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CC2 lecture > Tumor markers > Flashcards

Tumor markers Flashcards

1
Q

Determine the outcome

A

Prognosis

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2
Q

Determine the cause

A

Diagnosis

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3
Q

regrowth of malignant tumor on the same tissue

A

Reccurence

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4
Q

normally present in fetal period; once adult, cannot be detected

A

oncofetal

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5
Q

presence in adult age indicates liver cancer

A

alpha-fetoprotein

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6
Q

respiration rate is higher compared to normal cells

A

malignant cell

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7
Q

has radiation

A

PET scan

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8
Q

Oncofetal antigen
Colorectal cancer
Serve as pancreatic, lung, breast, and ovarian cancer

A

CEA carcinoembryonic antigen

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9
Q

Equivalent of albumin in adults

A

Alpha fetoprotein

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10
Q

Peak of oncoferal protein

A

20-30 weeks of pregnancy

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11
Q

Indicator of hepatoma

A

Alpha fetoprotein

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12
Q

Marker of tetrablastoma, testicular, and/or cancer

A

Alpha fetoprotein

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13
Q

can be measured by measuring amniotic fluid/maternal serum

A

Burts defect

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14
Q

Elevated in amniotic fluid

A

nerual tube defect/fetal distress

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15
Q

Decreased in amniotic fluid

A

Down syndrome

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16
Q

Prostatic carcinoma
Higher sensitivity in diagnosis

A

Prostate specific antigen

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17
Q

PSA is better tested with

A

PAP (prostatic acid phosphatase

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18
Q

Adenocarcinoma of the OVARY or fallopian tube

Also present in lungs and GIT

A

CA 125

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19
Q

CA 125 is falsely elevated in

A

ovulation, endometriosis, pelvic inflammation

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20
Q

Breast cancer CA

A

CA 15-3

21
Q

type of cancer also seen in CA 15-3

A

Breast cancer

22
Q

Seen in multiple myeloma

A

Bence Jones Proteins

23
Q

B cell disorder marker

A

Bence Jones Proteins

24
Q

Bence Jones Proteins precipitates at

A

60 deg C

25
Q

Bence Jones Proteins dissolves at

A

100 deg C

26
Q

Mucin glycoprotein identical to lewis blood group anrigen

A

CA19-9

27
Q

Indicator of pancreatic cancer

A

CA19-9

28
Q

CA 19-9 is present in

A

Pancreatitis
Cystic Fibrosis
Inflammatory bowel

29
Q

Oncogenes in tissues PCR: leukemia and lymphoma

A

k-ras

30
Q

Oncogenes in tissues PCR: neuroblastoma

A

N-myc

31
Q

Oncogenes in tissues PCR: Lymphoma

A

B-lymp 1

32
Q

Oncogenes in tissues PCR: osterosarcoma

A

C-met

33
Q

Oncogenes in tissues PCR: lung cancer

A

C-myc

34
Q

Oncogenes in tissues PCR: breast cancer

A

Her-2/NEU

35
Q

Abnormal proteins are usually detected in ____

A

surface

36
Q

Stain only binds to ___ in immunohistochemistry

A

proteins

37
Q

Best tool for detecting cancers

A

Biopsy

38
Q

non-specific and can be elevated in non-cancerous conditions

A

Tumor markers

39
Q

More useful than a single test

A

Serial testing

40
Q

Metabolic markers: body wasting

A

Proteins, cholesterol, and triglycerides

41
Q

Metabolic marker: elevates in liver damage

A

bilirubin

42
Q

Metabolic marker: injury of tissue

A

enzyme

43
Q

Endocrine marker: Elevates in cancers related to gonads (uterine, testicular cancer)

A

Human gonadotropin

44
Q

Endocrine markers: Hematopoietin

A

Cerebellar hemangioblastoma

45
Q

Endocrine marker: Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid

A

Calcitonin and Thyroglobulin

46
Q

Endocrine marker: Inappropriate secretion of ADH

A

Water and electrolyte imbalance
Small cell carcinoma of the lung (ectopic tumor)

47
Q

Enzymes: Marker of lung, breast, and ovarian cancer; prostatic cancer

A

Creatine kinase

48
Q

Most common isoenzyme of CK

A

CK-BB

49
Q

Measurement of Prostatic Acid Phosphatase (TALIm)

A

Thymolpthalein monophosphatase (E)
A-napthyl phosphatase (K)
L-tartrate
Immunoenzymatic assay (tandem E)

CC2 lecture (5 decks)

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