Tumor Immunology Flashcards
carcinoma
epithelial cells, most common
sarcoma
muscle cells, fat cells, fibroblasts
lymphoma
solid tumors of lymphoid tissue
leukemias
lymphocytes and other hematopoietic cells
tumor specific antigens TSA
antigens unique to a particular tumor and not present on normal cell types, arise from point mutations or gene rearrangements
tumor associated antigens TAA
antigens shared by different tumors but also found in normal tissues
examples of tumor associated antigens
- oncofetal antigens: expressed on fetus but not adult tissues
- alpha fetal protein: liver cancer
- carcinoembryonic antigen CEA: colon cancer, smokers
oncogenic viral antigens
occur on some DNA/RNA viruses tumors and viral antigens on class I MHC
pre b cell tumors express
CD10
T cell leukemias express
CD4, CD8, TCR, IL-2
B lymphocytes
B cell leukemias and lymphomas express
CD10 (CALLA)
Immunoglobulin
T lymphocytes
T cell leukemias and lymphomas express
IL-2 receptor alpha chain
T cell antigen receptor
CD45R
CD4/CD8 markers
Prostate
Prostatic carcinoma
prostate specific antigen
prostatic acid phosphatase
neural crest derived tissue
melanomas
S-100
Epithelial Cells
carcinomas
cytokeratins
cytotoxic t lymphocytes
produced against carcinomas, sarcomas, and virus induced tumors
natural killer cells
lyse tumors of hematopoeitic origin and virus induced
activating signal= downregulation of Class I MHC
INF, TNF-a, IL-2 enhance NK cells to lyse
macrophages
kill tumor cells via ADCC or TNF-a (free radicals)
immunosupressive substances in tumor evasion
TGF-B
radiotherapy
destroys rapidly dividing cells
chemotherapy
inhibits DNA replication, RNA transcription, or protein synthesis
Melanoma MAGE antigens
induce CTLs
Hepatitis B vaccine
decrease incidence of hepatoceullular carcinoma
Herceptin (Trastuzumab)
targets HER-2/neu growth factor receptor
blocks receptor-ligand interaction
decreases expression of HER-2/neu
