Tuesday - Male Reproductive Phys - Trach

Question 1

spermatogenic wave

Answer 1

distance between the same stage of development in the tubule ~64 days

Question 2

spermatogenesis is correlated with levels of what?

Answer 2

testosterone

Question 3

gonadal axis, starting in hypothalmus

Answer 3

hypo –> GnRH to anterior pit –> FSH and LH –> testis
makes testosterone which inhibits pit and hypo
also makes inhibin, which inhibits pituitary

Question 4

Receptor to GnRH

Answer 4

Gq –> IP3

(GnRH) oat hag

Question 5

Receptors for FSH and LH

what cells?

Answer 5

Gs –> cAMP
(F)(L)at champ
FSH –>Sertoli
LH –> Leydig

Question 6

An inhibiting factor that is secreted by the sertoli cells

what’s its funtion

Answer 6

Müllerian inhibiting substance (anti mullerian hormone)

- stops mullarian duct growth (in males. females have the duct)

Question 7

loss of testosterone with age is called
symptoms

diagnosis

Answer 7

andropause

less sperm, leydig and sertoli cells
more gonadotropins
erectile dysfunction
weight gain

measure morning testosterone level
- also FSH and LH

Question 8

Testosterone is converted to what. using what enzyme

Answer 8

dihyroxytestosterone

5-alpha-reductase

Question 9

testosterone receptor

what happens

Answer 9

test –> in cell –> receptor –> in nucleus –> homodimer –> ARE (androgen response element) transcription

Question 10

Androgen funtion

Answer 10

health of: (don't know exactly what that means
seminal vesicle
genital tract
hair growth
voice change

Question 11

use androgens for:

Answer 11

hypogonadism
hypopituitary function

protein synthesis in muscle (opposite of cortisone)

Question 12

Androgen analogs

Answer 12

methyl testosterone
- testosterone analog. hepatotox

oxandrolone
- DHT derivative - selective for prostate. less hepatotox

Question 13

side effects of androgens

Answer 13

Growth interruption
priapism
sodium and water retention
jaundice
hepatic carcinoma

Question 14

medical castration

what can you use

Answer 14

androgen antagonists
nonpulatile GnRH agonists
nonpulsatile GnRH antagonists

Question 15

most testosterone is made where?

Answer 15

yer ballz

GnRH drugs hormones only work there, so some is still produced in other tissues

Question 16

drug that reduces sexual drive in men. thype of drug?

treats what in women

Answer 16

Cyproterone acetate. androgen antagonist
hirsuitism

says we don’t have to know it i guess

Question 17

non-steroidal antagonists of androgens

Answer 17

Flutamide, bicalutamide, nilutamide

spironolactone (weak antagonist, also aldosterone antagonist)

Question 18

GnRH agonists

Answer 18

Gonadorelin - used for assesment of gonadal response

Leuprolide - agonist if pulsatile. antag if continuous (down regulates receptor –> decrease FSH and LH)

Question 19

GnRH Antagonist

- vs. agonists

Answer 19

No initial 10 days of stiulation

degarelix - castration, BPH, prostate cancer
Ganirelix, cetoreli - decreases ovarian oversecretion

Question 20

5-alpha-reductase inhibitors

• used for
• 2 examples

Answer 20

BPH, prostate cancer, baldness

Finasteride

Dutasteride - slower onsetand longer 1/2 life

Question 21

Erection phys

Answer 21

parasymp –> release NO –> Gcyclase –> cGMP –> artery dialtion

phosphodiesterase 5 in smooth muscle degrades cGMP –> venodilation –> flaccid

Question 22

phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors
side effects
contraindications

Answer 22

slidenafil, vardenafil, tadalafil (cealis)
- headache, flushing, dyspnea
don’t use with nitates or alpha blockers