Monday - Male Reproductive Histo - Aubie Aubie

Question 1

Testis function: 2

Answer 1

Exocrine - spermatozoa

Endocrine - testosterone, inhibin

Question 2

Excretory Ducts function: 2

Answer 2

transport - spermatozoa

storage - secretory products

Question 3

Accessory glands functions

Answer 3

fluid production

Question 4

Penis funtions

Answer 4

pee + sex

Question 5

Scrotum functions

Answer 5

thermoregulation

Question 6

Testis
capsule called?
emryonic sac called?
divisions of tubules called?

Answer 6

Tunica albuginea - capsule
Tunica vaginalis - parietal and visceral layers
Lobules - CT between tubulaes made from albuginea

Question 7

Type of epithelium in the seminiferous tubules

Answer 7

4-8 layers of stratified complex

• supporting cells (sertoli cells)
• gem cells

Question 8

identifying a sertoli cell

Answer 8

oval

distinct nucleus.

Question 9

how to identify a spermatogonia

Answer 9

attached to the basement membrane

Question 10

primary spermatocytes

Answer 10

large speckled nuclei

Question 11

spermatids look like

Answer 11

round nucleus

Question 12

spermatozoa look like

Answer 12

enlongated

flagella

Question 13

Types of spermatogonia - functions

Answer 13

Dark type A - reserve. divide to make pale type a
(dark people are reserved)

Pale Type A - renewing stem cells. make more of themselves. differentiate to type b

Type B - make mature gametes

Question 14

primary spermatocytes. look and function:

Answer 14

large - diploid

enter meiosis I

Question 15

secondary spermatocytes. look and function:

Answer 15

haploid - short existence

enter meiosis 2

Question 16

Cells don’t completely divide - form what

Answer 16

syncytia

- spermatids

Question 17

Spermatids

Answer 17

round nuclei
after both meiotic divisions
syncytium

Question 18

where are the mitochondria in a spermatozoa

Answer 18

o==————-~

^ there

Question 19

matuation of spermatids is called:

4 phases

Answer 19

spermiogenesis

• golgi - form acrosome from golgi
• cap - acrosome granules fuse
• acrosomal - head orients, nuclear elongation
• maturation - residual body is shed - phagocytosed by sertoli - released into semineferous tubule

Question 20

Blood testis barrier formed by what?

from what junction proteins?

Answer 20

Sertoli cells

Zonula occudens

Question 21

Sertoli cells
what receptor?
They make what binding protein?
make what hormone?

other function?

Answer 21

FSH receptor
Androgen binding protein
make inhibin

nutrition/nourishment

Question 22

In between lobules, what stuffis there. One important one

Answer 22

interstitial space

• collagenous fibers
• blood and lymph vessels
• fibroblasts, macrophages, mast
• mesenchyme
• cells of LEYDIG~

Question 23

What do the cells of leydig do?

what do they look like?

Answer 23

Make testosterone
they’re pretty big, light staining, eosionophilic. lots of ER
in groups
crystalloid inclusions

Question 24

Where does LH bind? what does that do?

Answer 24

To the LH receptor on Leydig cells

secretes testosterone –> negative feed back to hypothal

Question 25

Where are FSH receptors? | what does it cause

Answer 25

Sertoli cells - makes inhibin --> negative feedback of FSH Also causes increase in Androgen Binding Protein to maintain testosterone levels

Question 26

What cells are temperature sensitive?

Answer 26

Sertoli not Leydig - so undescended balls can still make testosterone, but sperm production will be bad (because sertoli is nourishment to sperm production)

Question 27

excretory ducts

Answer 27

``` tubuli recti - strait tubules rete testis efferent ductules epididymis ductus (vas) deferens ```

Question 28

strait tubule connect to epithelium type

Answer 28

can't see them well connect to rete simple colomnar - sertoli-like

Question 29

Rete testis | epithelium type

Answer 29

plexus | simple cuboidal

Question 30

Efferent ducts epithelium type

Answer 30

about 12 of them form a conical spiral simple columnar - tall (ciliated) move thing through short cells (villi) - absorb stuff smooth muscle and elastic fiber

Question 31

Epidymis receives from the: epithelium type:

Answer 31

``` efferent tubules pseudostratified columnar - stereocilia - basement membrane has smooth muscle ```

Question 32

Vas deferens | epithelium type

Answer 32

pseudostratified columnar with cilia, basement membrane, lamina propria thick muscle wall runs with spermatic cord, arteries, veins, lymph vessels, nerve

Question 33

3 layers of muscle in the vas deferens

Answer 33

inner longitudinal middle longitudinal outer longitudinal adventitial

Question 34

other name for ejaculatory duct

Answer 34

ampulla | - no cilia

Question 35

seminal vesicles - what is it - when do you get it

Answer 35

unbranched tubular diverticulum of vas deferens | not developed until puberty

Question 36

features of mucosa of seminal vesicles

Answer 36

lots of folds | columnar epithelium - yellow lipochrome pigment vesicles

Question 37

function of seminal vesicles

Answer 37

secrete yellow viscous fluid - FRUCTOSE, ascobil acid, prostaglandins lots of volume of ejaculate

Question 38

Prostate gland develops when?

Answer 38

puberty

Question 39

THere are 3 types of glands in the prostate | what are they

Answer 39

mucosal - small. BPH submucosal - form a ring? main - large, most of gland secretion

Question 40

What does the prostate do?

Answer 40

continuous fluid production acid phosphatase (PAP) Prostate specific antigen (PSA)

Question 41

What are prostate concretions?

Answer 41

calcified protein and carbs | - increase with age

Question 42

bulbourethral glands | fuctions

Answer 42

pea sized - in connective tissue | secrete viscous lubrication fluid when you make the sex

Question 43

Secretions that are in semen

Answer 43

epidiymal, seminal vesicle and protate

Question 44

penis skin charateristics

Answer 44

thin, no fat, elastic CT | prepuce - foreskin

Question 45

arteries involved in erection

Answer 45

helicine - drain to deep artery

Question 46

penile erection | what happens to veins and arteries

Answer 46

parasympathetic simulation - smooth arteries relax --> blood flow - veins become compressed

Question 47

emmision

Answer 47

sympathetic response | - smooths mucles of epidid, deferens and ejaculatory duct contract

Question 48

detumescence | what happens to arteries

Answer 48

sympathetic stimulations --> arteries regain tone

Question 49

Male urethra | 3 types and epithelium for them

Answer 49

prostatic - transitional to stratified columnar membranous - stratified columnar penile - stratified columnar to stratified squamous

Question 50

scrotum - skin characteristics

Answer 50

lots of melanin | sub cutaneous - no fat. smooth muscle (dartos)

Question 51

thermoregulation on scrotum

Answer 51

cold - dartos muscle contracts - pull closer