Tubular reabsorption

Question 1

Where does the filtrate move along?

Answer 1

Renal tubule

Question 2

What happens to the useful substances needed by the body?

Answer 2

Reabsorbed back into blood in the capillaries surrounding renal tubules

Question 3

Where does reabsorption take place?

Answer 3

Proximal tubule

Question 4

How is the proximal tubule adapted for reabsorption?

Answer 4

1. Long and coiled – maximum reabsorption
2. Dense capillary network closely surrounds – substances move easily into bloodstream and transported
3. Wall of tubal are made up of specialised cuboidal epithelium cells

Question 5

What adaptations does the cuboidal epithelium cells have?

Answer 5

1. Brush border of microvilli on inner surface - inc SA
2. Outer surface is folded - in SA
3. Many mitochondria - produce ATP - active transport

Question 6

How does reabsorption take place?

Answer 6

Sam substances are actively reabsorbed from the filtrate in the nephron into the bloodstream in the surrounding capillaries

Question 7

How does active reabsorption work?

Answer 7

Molecules move active leak, they combine with a carrier molecule and move against the concentration gradient

Question 8

What type of energy does active reabsorption need?

Answer 8

Adenosine triphosphate

Question 9

Define concentration gradient

Answer 9

The gradual difference in the concentration of solute in a solution between two regions

Question 10

Name the substances that are actively reabsorbed

Answer 10

All organic nutrients – glucose, proteins and most water soluble vitamins
Fat soluble vitamins and many irons – selectively absorbed

Question 11

Why are fat soluble vitamins and many ions selectively absorb?

Answer 11

The needs of the body

Question 12

What is they know of any urine?

Answer 12

No glucose and protein molecules

Question 13

How much water is passively reabsorbed?

Answer 13

65% reabsorbed from the filtrate into the blood by osmosis

Question 14

What else is passively reabsorbed?

Answer 14

Chloride ions and sodium ions

Question 15

What is not reabsorbed?

Answer 15

Yeah area, uric acid and creatinine

Question 16

What is the function of the loop of Henle?

Answer 16

Create a high concentration of salt in the Medulla area

Question 17

What is the high concentration of salt are necessary for?

Answer 17

I was Moteck withdrawal of water from the distal tubeles and the collecting ducts

Question 18

Where are sodium irons actively transported out of?

Answer 18

Out of the filtrate in the ascending limb into the tissue fluid surrounding the limbs

Question 19

What is the process of sodium irons actively transported named?

Answer 19

Sodium pump which uses energy

Question 20

What is the result of the sodium pump?

Answer 20

Tissue fluid in the Madella of the kidney becomes highly concentrated (hypertonic)

Question 21

Why does water flow in the ascending limb of Henle?

Answer 21

The sounds are impermeable to water

Question 22

Why does the filtrate become hypotonic?

Answer 22

Loser salt but not water

Question 23

What is the final outcome of the loop of Henley?

Answer 23

Water is actively conserved and pass back into the blood – not lost in urine

Question 24

What colour is urine when there is this your informed?

Answer 24

Concentrated in dark yellow in colour

Question 25

What does the longer the loop of Henley mean?

Answer 25

The greater concentration of salt in Medulla area

Question 26

Why is urine highly concentrated?

Answer 26

More urine is reabsorbed in loop of Henle

Question 27

Adaption of proximal convoluted tube for reabsorption

Answer 27

1. Very long and convoluted - transport is slow, maximum reabsorption
2. Surrounded by dense capillary network - transport of substances
3. Specialised cuboidal epithelium

Question 28

Descending loop of Henle

Answer 28

Water passively reabsorbed - osmosis

Question 29

How does water move in the ascending limb of Henle?

Answer 29

Osmosis - filtrate of distal convoluted tubules

Question 30

Define tubular secretion

Answer 30

Molecules transported from blonde to distal convoluted tubule

Question 31

What molecules are transported in tubular secretion?

Answer 31

Urich acid, urea, creatinine, hydrogen irons, ammonium