Glomerular Filtration Flashcards
Where does it take place?
Many renal corpuscles
Afferent
Carry towards
Efferent
Carry away/from
How does blood enter the glomerulus?
Three the wider afferent arteriole
How does blood exit the glomerulus?
Narraway efferents arteriole
How is pressure builds up in the glomerulus?
More blood enters than can leave
What does the pressure force?
Filtrable content of blood through the glomerular membrane into the cavity of the Bowmans capsule
How fast is blood filters?
Every minute 120 mL of blood plasma photos from the blood in the capillaries - Bowman’s
Why is a known is ultrafiltration?
Filtration under pressure through a very fine filter - glomerular membrane
Where does ultrafiltration take place?
Barrier between the blood in the glomerulus and the filtrate in the renal capsule
What two layers of cells is the membrane made up of?
- Endothelial cells
- Podocyte layer
What do the endothelial cells make up?
The wall of the glomerular capillaries
What is the wall of the glomerular capillaries made up of?
Porous
What does the porous glomerular capillaries mean?
Allowing plasma and it’s proteins to the pores are too small to allow the blood cells to pass
What is the podocyte layer of the bowman’s capsule made of?
Flattened cells that have spaces between them
What is the spaces between the fat in cells known as?
Filtration slits
What is interesting about filtration slits?
Too small to allow plasma protein molecules three
Why does the glomerular membrane become two layers?
Thin basement membrane covers each papillary
What is the glomerular filtrate?
Plasma without the bloods house or plasma proteins – how it back because too large
What does the filtrate include?
- Useful substances
Water, glucose, amino acid, vitamins, hormones and ions - Waste substances – nitrogenous waste
urea, uric acide, creatinine
What does the cup shape of the Bowmans capsule provide?
Large surface area Siri which maximum amount of filtration can take place
Define glomerular filtration
Passive, non-selective process in which fluid and solid are forced to the calamari like membrane by hydrostatic pressure
What does a passive process refer to?
Not needing energy
Define hydrostatic pressure
Water causing pressure
What does the endothelium of the blood capillaries provide?
Barrier to cells but not plasma proteins
What is the basement membrane?
Meshwork of collagen and Glyco protein fibres
What can pass through the basement membrane?
Water and small molecules
What can’t pass through the basement membrane?
Proteins are too large and or a powered by negative charges on the fivers
What is the epithelium of the Renault capture on?
Made of cells which are modified for filtration - podocytes
What are podocytes?
Fit like extensions projecting from its surface
Where do the extensions of the podocytes go?
Wrap around the capillaries of the calamari this an interlink with extension from neighbouring cells
Where does the filtered fluid past?
Filtration slits
Adaptions of the renal corpuscles
- Afferent larger - more enter - hydrostatic pressure
- Form of capillaries - inc SA
- Cup shape - Inc SA
- Endothelial cells = pores - plasma and small molecules, ions
- Podocytes - flat cells, filtration slits
