Tuberuculosis Drugs Flashcards
Resistance due to
Impermeable cell wall
Efflux transporters
Dormancy
Spontaneous mutations
Multi drug resistance (isoniazid and rifampin)
Isoniazid mechanism of action
Inhibit synthesis of mycolic acid (inhibits IhnH KasA)
Bactericidal to active and Bacteriostatic to quiescent
Isoniazid resistance
Due to katG gene
Isoniazid is used alone for _ and in combination with _ for _
latent TB
With rifampin for active
Isoniazid adverse reactions
Parenthesis and ataxia due to defiance in pyridoxine (need to take B6 during therapy)
Hapatotoxicity
Black box warning for hepatitis
Rifampin mechanism of action
Bactericidal (against intracellular organisms)
Inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase to stop transcription
Rifampin resistance
Due to rpoB gene mutation
Rifampin uses
In combination with IHN for active TB
In combination with macrolide for MAC
Broad spectrum for deep staph infection
Rifampin adverse reactions
Hepatotoxicity
Red-orange discoloration of body fluids
Induction of may drugs
Ethambutol mechanism of action
Disrupts cell wall assembly
Inhibits arabinosyl transferase
Bacteriostatic
Ethambutol resistance
Due to mutation in embAB gene
Ethambutol use
In combination for MAC and active TB
Ethambutol adverse effect
Optic neuritis
Pyrazinamide mechanism of action
Bacteriostatic against intracellular organisms
Pyrazinamide is used in combination for
Active TB treatment
