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Drugs > Inhibitors of proteins synthesis > Flashcards

Inhibitors of proteins synthesis Flashcards

1
Q

Aminglycosides

A

Gentamicin

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2
Q

Tetracycline

A

Doxycycline

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3
Q

Macrolides

A

Azithromycin

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4
Q

Lincosamides

A

Clindamycin

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5
Q

Oxizolindinones

A

Linezolid

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6
Q

Inhibition of ribosomal function is _

A

Bacteriostatic except for aminoglycosides because they cause miscoding of the RNA which is bactericidal

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7
Q

gentamicin mechanism of action

A

Attraction of negatively charged LPS in out membrane of G- bacteria
Bactericidal (also active against mycobacteria and Protozoal parasites)
peak/MIC
Irreversibly bind to 30S ribosomal subunit stops formation of initiation complex leading to misreading of mRNA and incorrect incorporation of amino acids

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8
Q

Post-antibiotic effect

A

Residual activity after plasma levels fall below MIC
Gentamicin

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9
Q

Resistance to gentimycin is due to

A

drug inactivation by bacterial kinase and acetyltransferase

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10
Q

Gentamicin is _toxic

A

Nephro
Oto (drug accumulation in inner ear)

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11
Q

Doxycycline mechanism of action

A

Binds to 30S ribosomal subunit to inhibit landing do tRNAs into A-site preventing the addition of amino acids

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12
Q

Doxycycline is active against

A

G+ and G- bacteria
Atypical bacteria
Tick borne illnesses
Protozoans

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13
Q

Doxycycline resistance due to

A

TetM (interfere with binding to 30S)

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14
Q

Doxycycline activity is

A

AUC/MIC
Widely distributed

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15
Q

Doxycycline cannot be given with

A

Dairy products, iron supplements, Mg-laxatives or antacids due to the formation of insoluble chelates leading to decreased oral absorption

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16
Q

Tetracycline adverse reactions

A

GI irritation
Photosensitivity
Deposition in bones and teeth leading to discoloration and growth impairment (avoid in pregnant females and children)

17
Q

_ is the only tetracycline that may be given during pregnancy

A

Doxycycline

18
Q

Azithromycin mechanism of action

A

Bacteriostatic
Binds reversible to 50S subunit to inhibit translocation

19
Q

Azithromycin is active against

A

G+ and G- anaerobes
Atypical bacteria
Mycoplasma and protozoal parasites

20
Q

Resistance to macrolides is due to

A

High level of methylation of 50S that decreases binding affinity (erm=multi-drug resistance, MLS)

21
Q

Macrolide adverse reactions

A

Prolonged cardiac Q-T interval increases arrhythmias

22
Q

Clindamycin mechanism of action

A

Binds 50S to block peptide bond formation
Bacteriostatic

23
Q

Clindamycin adverse reactions

A

Black box warning for C diff colitis

24
Q

Linezolid mechanism of action

A

Binds to 23S rRNA of 50S subunit blocking formation of initiation complex

25
Q

Linezolid adverse effects

A

Limited by toxicity (only used against drug resistant infections)
Myelosupression
Lactic acidosis
Black box warning for MAO inhibition, use with antidepressants, and Serotonin syndrome

Drugs (8 decks)

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