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Drugs > Antifungal agents > Flashcards

Antifungal agents Flashcards

1
Q

Nucleic acid synthesis inhibitors

A

Flucytosine

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2
Q

Inhibitors of fungal membrane stability

A

Amphotericin B

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3
Q

Squalene epoxidase inhibitors

A

Terbinafine

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4
Q

Sterol demethylase inhibitors

A

Fluconazole

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5
Q

Mitotic inhibitors

A

Griseofluvin

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6
Q

Cell wall inhibitors

A

Caspofungin

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7
Q

Fungal infections can be either

A

Systemic or superficial

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8
Q

_ is used to maintain plasma membrane structure and function

A

Ergosterol

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9
Q

Aphotericin B method of action

A

Binds ergosterol and disrupts membrane stability
Forms pores in the membrane

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10
Q

Aphotericin B use

A

Only for life-threatening systemic mycoses (black box warning)

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11
Q

Aphotericin B adverse effects

A

Cytokines storm
Renal toxicity (ischemia, proximal tubular injury leading to hypokalemia)
Hematologic toxicity (myelosupression resulting in anemia-indirect effect)

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12
Q

Flucytosine mechanism

A

Inhibits DNA/RNA synthesis (inhibitos thymidylate synthase)
Fungistatic

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13
Q

Flucytosine use

A

No monotherapy due to resistance
Cryptococaal Meningitis and systemic candidiasis
Are used in combination with amphotericin B 

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14
Q

Flucytosine adverse effects

A

Black box warning Firdous reduction in patients with renal insufficiency
Myelosuppression-monitor CBC
Hepatotoxicity

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15
Q

Griseofulvin mechanism

A

Find tubulin disrupting assembly of mitotic spindle
Fungistatic
Not effective against candida and not useful set for systemic Mycoses

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16
Q

Griseofulvin uses

A

Oral for dermatophytic infections of hair, skin, nails
Scalp ringworm in children

17
Q

Griseofulvin adverse rections

A

Headaches
photosensitivity

18
Q

Terbinafine mechanism

A

Inhibits squalene epoxidase (stops production of ergosterol)
Sequale accumulation-Fungicidal

19
Q

Terbinafine use

A

Ringworm infection caused by dermatophytes
Must be given orally for onychomycosis of toenails

20
Q

Terbinafine adverse reactions

A

Irritation in Hypersensitivity
Disturbances of taste
Hepatotoxicity

21
Q

Fluconazole mechanism

A

Inhibits 14 alpha sterol demethylase
Blocks conversion of lanosterol to egosterol
Increased membrane permeability (fungistatic

22
Q

Must consult stanford guide to select appropriate drug when perscribing

23
Q

Fluconazole uses

A

Cryptococcal meningitsis
Superficial mycoses

24
Q

Fluconazole adverse effects

A

Drug interactions due to inhibition of CYPS
Hepatotoxicity
Avoid when pregnant

25
Q

Capofungin mechanism

A

Non competitive inhibitor of Beta 1,3 D-glucan synthase
Leads to cell lysis
Fungicidal
Peak/MIC

26
Q

Capofungin is given

27
Q

Capofungin resistance

A

Due to FKS gene mutations

28
Q

Capofungin use

A

Sever systemic candidemia
IV therapy for aspergillosis
Emperic therapy for febrile neutropenua

Drugs (8 decks)

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