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Pulmonology > Tuberculosis > Flashcards

Tuberculosis Flashcards

1
Q

Should be added to the regimen to prevent isoniazid-related neuropathy. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1116)

A

Pyridoxine 10-25mg/d

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2
Q

High risk of vitamin B6 deficiency. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1116)

A

Alcoholics
Malnourished persons
Pregnant
Lactating women

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3
Q

Conditions associated with neuropathy. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1116)

A

Chronic renal failure
Diabetes
HIV infection

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4
Q

Persons that should be given pyridoxine to prevent isoniazid-related neuropathy. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1116)

A

High risk of vitamin B6 deficiency

Conditions associated with neuropathy

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5
Q

Candidates for treatment of latent mycobacterium tuberculosis infection if tuberculin reaction size is >/= 5mm. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1120)

A

HIV infected persons
Recent contacts of a patient with TB
Organ transplant recipients
Persons with fibrotic lesions consistent with old TB on chest radiography
Persons who are immunosuppressed (use of glucocorticoids or TNF-a inhibitors)
Persons with high-risk medical conditions (silicosis and ESRD on dialysis)

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6
Q

Candidates for treatment of latent mycobacterium tuberculosis infection if tuberculin reaction size is > /= 10mm. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1120)

A

Recent immigrants (< or = 5 years) from high-prevalence countries
Injection drug users
Mycobacteriology laboratory personnel
Residents and employees of high-risk congregate settings (correctional facilities, nursing homes, homeless shelters, hospitals and other health care facilities)
Children < 5 years of age; children and adolescents exposed to adults in high risk categories

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7
Q

Smears that are positive after __ months of treatment when the patient is known to be adherent are indicative of treatment failure and possible resistance. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1117)

A

3 months

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8
Q

Monitoring by AFB smear examination should be undertaken at. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1120)

A

2, 5, and 6 months

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9
Q

In Tuberculosis, Recommended treatment regimen for new smear- or culture-positive cases. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1116)

A

2HRZE/4HR

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10
Q

In Tuberculosis, Recommended treatment regimen for new culture-negative cases. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1116)

A

2HRZE/4HR

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11
Q

In Tuberculosis, Recommended treatment regimen for pregnant patients. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1116)

A

2HRE/7HR

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12
Q

In Tuberculosis, Recommended treatment regimen for relapse and treatment default. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1116)

A

3HRZES/5HRE

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13
Q

Recommend daily dosage of Isoniazid for initial treatment of tuberculosis in adults. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1115)

A

5mg/kg, max 300mg

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14
Q

Recommend daily dosage of Rifampicin for initial treatment of tuberculosis in adults. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1115)

A

10mg/kg, max 600mg

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15
Q

Recommend daily dosage of Ethambutol for initial treatment of tuberculosis in adults. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1115)

A

15mg/kg

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16
Q

Recommend daily dosage of Pyrazinamide for initial treatment of tuberculosis in adults. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1115)

A

25mg/kg, max 2g

17
Q

Recommend Thrice-weekly dosage of Isoniazid for initial treatment of tuberculosis in adults. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1115)

A

10mg/kg, max 900mg

18
Q

Recommend Thrice-weekly dosage of Rifampicin for initial treatment of tuberculosis in adults. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1115)

A

10mg/kg, max 600mg

19
Q

Recommend Thrice-weekly dosage of Ethambutol for initial treatment of tuberculosis in adults. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1115)

20
Q

Recommend Thrice-weekly dosage of Pyrazinamide for initial treatment of tuberculosis in adults. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1115)

A

35mg/kg, max 3g

21
Q

Other terms for Postprimary TB infection. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1108)

A

Reactivation
Secondary TB
Adult-type TB

22
Q

May result from endogenous reactivation of distant LTBI or recent infection. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1108)

A

Postprimary (adult-type) TB

23
Q

Usual location for Postprimary (Adult-type TB). (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1108)

A

Apical and posterior segments of the upper lobes

Superior segments of the lower lobes

24
Q

Produced by massive involvement of pulmonary segments or lobes with coalescence of lesions. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1108)

A

Caseating pneumonia

25
Q

Liquefied necrotic contents in the TB. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1108)

A

Cavity formation/cavitation

26
Q

Defined as untreated patients reportedly succumb to severe pulmonary TB within a few months after onset. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1108)

A

Classic “galloping consumption” of the past

27
Q

Chronic progressively debilitating course of Postprimary (Adult-type) disease. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1108)

A

“Consumption”

Phthisis

28
Q

Signs and symptoms of Postprimary (adult-type) Disease. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1108)

A 
Diurnal fever
Night sweats
Weight loss
Anorexia
General malaise
Weakness
Cough
Hemoptysis
Pleuritic Chest pain
Dyspnea
29
Q

Most common hematologic findings in Postprimary (adult-type) Disease. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1109)

A

Mild anemia
Leukocytosis
Thrombocytosis
Slightly elevated ESR and/or CRP

30
Q

Cause of hemoptysis in TB. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1108)

A

Erosion of blood vessel in the wall of a cavity
Rupture of dilated vessel in a cavity (rasmussen’s aneurysm)
Aspergilloma formation in an old cavity

31
Q

Most common site of extrapulmonary TB. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1109)

A

Lymph nodes

32
Q

Most common presentation of extrapulmonary TB on both HIV-seronegative and HIV-infected patients. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1109)

A

Lymph node TB (Tuberculous lymphadenitis)

33
Q

Painless swelling of the lymphnodes, most commonly at posterior cervical and supraclavicular sites. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1109)

34
Q

Diagnosis of Lymph node TB (Tuberculous lymphadenitis) is established by. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1109)

A

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy

Surgical excision biopsy

35
Q

Characteristic of granulomas in HIV infected patients. (Harrison’s 19th edition, pp 1109)

A

Less well organized
Frequently absent entirely
Bacterial loads are heavier

Pulmonology (16 decks)

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