Tuberculosis

Question 1

true or false: latent TB can be spread from person to person

Answer 1

false

Question 2

vaccine for TB

Answer 2

BCG (Bacille Calmette-Guerin)

(many foreign-born persons have this vaccine)

Question 3

therapy for TB (2 things)

Answer 3

-directly observed therapy x 6-9 months
-isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide for 2 months, followed by isoniazid and rifampin for an additional 4-7 months

Question 4

combo therapy for latent TB infection

Answer 4

isoniazid and rifapentine weekly x 12 weeks with direct observation

Question 5

alternative therapy for latent TB infection (not isoniazid)

Answer 5

rifampin x 4 months

Question 6

true or false: 8 countries account for two thirds of total new TB cases

Answer 6

true (India, Indonesia, China, the Philippines, Pakistan, Nigeria, Bangladesh, and South Africa)

Question 7

___-___% of TB infections involve the lungs

Answer 7

70-80%

Question 8

4 drugs for TB

Answer 8

-rifampin
-isoniazid
-pyrazinamide
-ethambutol

Question 9

true or false: BCG (Bacille Calmette-Guerin) is generally recommended for use in the United States

Answer 9

false (bc of low risk of infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis, the variable effectiveness of the vaccine against adult pulmonary TB, and the vaccine’s potential interference with tuberculin skin test reactivity)

Question 10

how is tuberculosis spread?

Answer 10

via droplet nuclei (produced when a person coughs, sneezes, speaks, sings; they must have pulmonary or laryngeal TB)

Question 11

only TB of the _____ is infectious

Answer 11

lung

Question 12

what bacteria is the cause of tuberculosis?

Answer 12

mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 13

preferred treatment for latent TB infection

Answer 13

isoniazid for 9 months

Question 14

BCG (Bacille Calmette-Guerin) is used in many countries to prevent childhood tuberculosis meningitis and __________ disease

Answer 14

miliary