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OB/GYN Scanning > Tube/Adnexal Pathology > Flashcards

Tube/Adnexal Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

This is infection within the myometrium of the uterus.

A

myometritis

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2
Q

This is infection within the uterine serosa and broad ligament.

A

parametritis

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3
Q

The normal fallopian tube is an undulating __ structure of approximately __ mm in width, running __from the uterus to lie within the cul-de-sac near the ovary.

A

echogenic, 8-10, posterolaterally

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4
Q

The mucous membrane lining the cavity of the tube is how many layers thick?

A

one

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5
Q

The mucous membrane lining the cavity of the tube is called…

A

the ciliar epithelium.

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6
Q

T/F? Development abnormalities of the tube are rare.

A

true

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7
Q

Three things that cause tube abnormalities…

A
  1. pregnancy
  2. infection
  3. neoplasm
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8
Q

This is a generic term referring to the inflammation/infection of the pelvic and adrenal structures with pus and fluid.

A

pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

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9
Q

PID is usually caused by __ which ascend through the cervix and endometrial cavity into the pelvis through the __.

A

STDs, mucosa

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10
Q

T/F? PID inflammation may be diffuse but is generally localized.

A

FALSE, the opposite

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11
Q

Long term consequences of PID include..

A
  1. infertility
  2. tubal scarring
  3. ectopic pregnancy
  4. chronic pelvic pain
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12
Q

PID is usually __lateral.

A

bi-

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13
Q

Unilateral PID is caused by __ of an adjacent inflammatory process.

A

direct extension

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14
Q

Clinically, PID patients present with…

A

leukocytosis**

also pain, fever, dysparunia, vaginal bleeding &/or discharge, pelvic tenderness…

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15
Q

Sonographically, PID is seen as…

A

a large complex mass with indistinct walls within one or both adnexa with flow

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16
Q

Early in the disease, the clinical presentation of PID may mimic…

A

functional bowel disease (IBS)

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17
Q

PID is treated with…

A

antibiotics and exploration & removal of the abscess

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18
Q

This is a condition in which bacteria spread through the abdomen and cause inflammation of the tissue surrounding the liver.

A

Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome

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19
Q

This occurs in 15-30% of women with PID (but can also occur without PID and in men).

A

Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome

20
Q

The best way to confirm Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome is..

A

laparoscopy.

21
Q

How do physicians describe the liver adhesions in Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome?

A

‘violin-string’ adhesions

22
Q

This is a collection of fluid within a scarred fallopian tube.

A

hydrosalpinx

23
Q

This is a collection of pus within a scarred fallopian tube with a wall thickness of greater than 5 mm.

A

pyosalpinx

24
Q

Pyosalpinx has a wall thickness greater than…

25
Q

Sonographically, hydro/pyosalpinx is seen as…

A

a tubular or elliptical cystic mass in the adnexa.

26
Q

This is the inflammatory process of a tube that incorporates the ovary.

A

tubo-ovarian abscess (TOA)

27
Q

Fusion of the inflamed dilated tube and ovary is called..

A

TOA complex.

28
Q

Sonographically, TOA is seen as…

A

a complex low-level echoes within the tube and ovary, complex fluid in the posterior cul-de-sac

29
Q

What’s the ‘beak’ sign?

A

Compressed ovarian tissue forming a rim around an ovarian abscess

30
Q

T/F? Endometriosis implants may be small and undetectable or large and palpable.

31
Q

Endometriosis is more common in __ and women of __ socioeconomic status.

A

caucasians, higher

32
Q

Early in the disease, the clinical presentation of endometriosis may mimic…

A

functional bowel disease (IBS)

33
Q

This is a focal collection of ectopic or extravasated endometrial tissue

A

endometrioma

34
Q

Endometrioma is also known as…

A

chocolate cyst

35
Q

Tubal neoplasms are usually __ and __, and discovered incidentally.

A

small, asymptomatic

36
Q

The rarest cancer of the female reproductive system (and the most common of the fallopian tube) is…

A

adenocarcinoma

37
Q

If there is a fallopian tube malignancy, the chances it’s a metastatic tumor is…

38
Q

Incidence and clinical symptoms of fallopian adenocarcinoma…

A
  1. women 50+ years of age
  2. low pariety
  3. pain, discharge
39
Q

Sonographically, fallopian adenocarcinoma appears as…

A

an adnexal mass.

40
Q

Krukenberg tumors spread from what disease?

A

gastric carcincoma

41
Q

Sonographically, Krukenberg tumors are seen as…

A

bilateral adnexal or ovarian masses & ascites**

oval or lobulated margins, hypoechoic areas in the mass, posterior enhancement

42
Q

T/F? Patients with Krukenberg tumors always experience pain and bloating.

A

FALSE, not always

43
Q

Large pelvic masses may cause __, so evaluate the kidneys next.

A

urinary obstruction

44
Q

If a primary malignant process is suspected in the pelvis, one should also scan…

A

the liver, kidneys, pancreas and lymph nodes.

45
Q

Whenever you suspect pelvic ascites, you should always check…

A

Morrison’s pouch.

OB/GYN Scanning (14 decks)

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