TTMIK Grammar Level 7 Flashcards
I see that..
I just realize that…
-(는)군요
반말: -(는)구나
When you just realized or found out about something for the first time, mainly to express your realization.
Action verbs (present tense): -는 Noun + 이다: Keep 이 if final consonant and add +군요
Examples:
여기 진짜 넓구나! = This place is so big!
이렇게 하는 거군요. = So this is how you do it!
-(는)군요
-(는)군요
반말: -(는)구나
When you just realized or found out about something for the first time, mainly to express your realization.
Action verbs (present tense): -는 Noun + 이다: Keep 이 if final consonant and add +군요
Examples:
여기 진짜 넓구나! = This place is so big!
이렇게 하는 거군요. = So this is how you do it!
To pretend to + V
-(으/느)ㄴ 척하다 / 체하다 Past tense: (으)ㄴ Present tense: 는 Present progressive: 고 있는 척하다 No future tense.
척하다 more common in spoken language.
척/체 = act of pretending
Examples:
알고 있는 척하다/체하다 = to pretend to be aware of something
모르는 척, 조용히 나갔어요. = Pretending as if they didn’t know, they went out quietly.
(Only 척 can end a clause by itself)
자는 척 그만하고 일어나요. = Stop pretending to be asleep and get up.
(Only 척 can be followed by a verb other than 하다)
-(으/느)ㄴ 척하다 / 체하다
To pretend to + V Past tense: (으)ㄴ Present tense: 는 Present progressive: 고 있는 척하다 No future tense.
척하다 more common in spoken language.
척/체 = act of pretending
Examples:
알고 있는 척하다/체하다 = to pretend to be aware of something
모르는 척, 조용히 나갔어요. = Pretending as if they didn’t know, they went out quietly.
(Only 척 can end a clause by itself)
자는 척 그만하고 일어나요. = Stop pretending to be asleep and get up.
(Only 척 can be followed by a verb other than 하다)
To be doable/understandable/bearable
-(으)ㄹ 만하다
Pronounced as -(으)ㄹ 만 하다
Examples:
그럴 만해요.
= It’s understandable to be so.
= It’s possible.
이 책 읽을 만해요? = Is this book worth reading?
괜찮아요. 참을 만해요. = I’m okay. It’s bearable. (참다 = to bear / endure)
-(으)ㄹ 만하다
To be doable/understandable/bearable
Pronounced as -(으)ㄹ 만 하다
Examples:
그럴 만해요.
= It’s understandable to be so.
= It’s possible.
이 책 읽을 만해요? = Is this book worth reading?
괜찮아요. 참을 만해요. = I’m okay. It’s bearable. (참다 = to bear / endure)
Like a NOUN (adverb)
-같이 / -처럼
(cf standalone 같이 = together)
종이처럼 가볍다 = to be light like paper
로봇처럼 걷다 = to walk like a robot
-같이 can be changed to -같은 to form an adjective instead (doesn’t work with -처럼):
저 같은 사람 = somebody like me
-같이 / -처럼
Like a NOUN (adverb)
(cf standalone 같이 = together)
종이처럼 가볍다 = to be light like paper
로봇처럼 걷다 = to walk like a robot
-같이 can be changed to -같은 to form an adjective instead (doesn’t work with -처럼):
저 같은 사람 = somebody like me
As much as
(Noun)만큼
(Adjective) 만큼
Remember adjective form:
- Past: (Verb stem)(으)ㄴ
- Present: (Verb stem)는
- Future: (Verb stem)(으)ㄹ
Examples:
얼마만큼 필요해요? = How much do you need?
원하는 만큼 다 가져가세요. = Take as much as you want.
필요한 만큼만 가져가세요. = Take only what you need.
먼큼
As much as
(Noun)만큼
(Adjective) 만큼
Remember adjective form:
- Past: (Verb stem)(으)ㄴ
- Present: (Verb stem)는
- Future: (Verb stem)(으)ㄹ
Examples:
얼마만큼 필요해요? = How much do you need?
원하는 만큼 다 가져가세요. = Take as much as you want.
필요한 만큼만 가져가세요. = Take only what you need.
Even if …, there is no use
-아/어 봤자
Examples
말해 봤자 소용 없어요. = Even if you talk (to them), it’ll be of no use.
가 봤자예요. = There is no use in going there.
지금 출발해 봤자 시간 안에 못 가요. = Even if you leave now, you can’t get there in time.
-아/어 봤자
Even if …, there is no use
-아/어 봤자
Examples
말해 봤자 소용 없어요. = Even if you talk (to them), it’ll be of no use.
가 봤자예요. = There is no use in going there.
지금 출발해 봤자 시간 안에 못 가요. = Even if you leave now, you can’t get there in time.
I saw that … so
-길래
- As a result of observation
- Asking for reason for an action
Compare, more neutral -서 and (으)니까.
Examples: 사람이 많길래 그냥 나왔어요. = There were a lot of people so I just left the place. 뭐 했길래 이렇게 지쳤어요? = What did you do to be so tired?
-길래
I saw that … so -길래
- As a result of observation
- Asking for reason for an action
Compare, more neutral -서 and (으)니까.
Examples: 사람이 많길래 그냥 나왔어요. = There were a lot of people so I just left the place. 뭐 했길래 이렇게 지쳤어요? = What did you do to be so tired?
Because (undesirable result)
-느라고
Reason must be action verb. Result can be action or descriptive. The subject must be the same for both verbs.
운동하느라고 전화 온 줄 몰랐어요.
= I was working out so I didn’t know that you were calling.
뭐 하느라고 이렇게 늦었어요?
= What were you doing to be so late?
