Tsunamis Flashcards

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1
Q

what is a tsunami

A

a series of ocean waves suddenly surging onto land

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2
Q

what does tsunami mean?

A

harbour wave

in Japanese

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3
Q

what causes tsuanamis

A

large undersea earthquakes at destructive tectonic plate boundaries

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4
Q

how does the underwater earthquake create a tsuanami

A
  1. the ocean floor at a plate boundary rises or falls suddenly
  2. the sea is suddenly pushed up creating rolling waves that build up in size and speed
  3. the massive waves race across the ocean towards land
  4. flooding the land
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5
Q

where do most tsunamis happen

A

80% happen within the Pacific Ocean’s “Ring of Fire”

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6
Q

how fast are tsunamis

A

up to 500 miles per hour

= jet plane

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7
Q

what is the first warning sign a tsunami is coming

A

coastal water near the beach is sucked out to sea exposing sea floors and harbours

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8
Q

after the water is sucked out, how long do you have before the tsunami hits the shore

A

5 minutes

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9
Q

what should you do during those 5 minutes after the water is sucked out

A

run in the opposite direction to the sea

get to high ground

cling onto something like a tree

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10
Q

what are the social impacts of a tsunami

A
  1. death & injury
  2. homes destroyed
  3. food / water shortages
  4. disease (sewage mxing with salt water)
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11
Q

what are the economic impacts of a tsunami

A
  1. Ports/harbours ruined
  2. Fishing industry destroyed
  3. Homes and businesses destroyed
  4. Tourism industry ruined
  5. roads, bridges and rail damaged
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12
Q

what are the environmental impacts of a tsunami

A
  1. crops destroyed
  2. farmland ruined by salt water
  3. coral reefs damaged
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