Earthquakes COPY Flashcards

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1
Q

what is an earthquake

A

shaking and vibration of the Earth’s crust due to movement of tectonic plates

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2
Q

where are earthquakes likely to happen?

A

conservative (sliding parallel)

&

destructive (sliding under)

plate boundaries

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3
Q

how do we measure the magnitude (strength) of an earthquake

A

on a seismometer which produces a seismograph

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4
Q

what is the Richter scale

A

measures the magnitude (strength) of the seismic waves (earthquake tremor) shown on the seismograph

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5
Q

what happens if 3 is registered on the Richter scale

A

gentle vibrations like a passing lorry

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6
Q

what happens if 5 is registered on the Richter scale

A

furniture moves

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7
Q

what happens if 6 is registered on the Richter scale

A

damaged buildings

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8
Q

what happens if 7-10 is registered on the Richter scale

A

major disaster

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9
Q

what is the highest Richter scale ever measured

where?

A

9.5

Chile

South America

1960

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10
Q

what causes a tsunami

A

underwater earthquake

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11
Q

how do you predict an earthquake

A
  1. cracks appear in rocks
  2. strange animal behaviour
  3. changes in well water levels
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12
Q

how do you plan for an earthquake

A
  1. monitor eathquake zones
  2. put disaster plans in place (fire, ambulance, police)
  3. warn people using the media
  4. educate people at school
  5. organise emergency supplies before the earthquake starts
  6. build strong skyscrapers
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