Truman and Postwar Reconstruction (Old) Flashcards
When was the democrats spit between the New Deal Liberals and the Dixiecrats?
1945
When did the southerners start voting for Republicans?
1964
By 1945 how was America the worlds strongest superpower?
42% of world income, 50% manufacturing output with only 7% world population
How many people were in the army in WW2?
12 million
How long was Roosevelts presidency and what approval rating did he have?
12 years (1933-45), 70% approval rating
How did the New Deal affect the economy?
8.5% GDP growth - highest ever
How much unemployment was there in 1940 and how did this change during the war?
19400 - 8million, war years - zero unemployment
What was the annual GDP growth during Roosevelt’s years which was the highest ever?
8.50%
When was the GI bill passed?
1944
By how much did automobile sales increase?
x4
in 1949 how many TV sets were sold inn a month
250000
How many Americans were middle class in the time of post war prosperity?
02-Mar
How much was Gross National Profit in 1940 and what did this increase to in 1960?
1940 - $200billion, 1960 - $500,000billion
HOw much was income per capita increased in the time of post war prosperity?
increased 40%
How much did industrial and agricultural output increase in the times of post war prosperity?
Industrial output - doubled, agricultural output increased by 1/3
How long was Truman Vice President for?
11w 5d
When and where was the Yalta Conference?
4-11th February 1945 in Russia
When and were was the Potsdam Conference?
17th July - 2nd August 1945 in Germany
When was the UN officially formed?
24th October 1945
Who were permanent members of the UNS security council when it was formed?
China, France, USSR, UK and USA
When was Kennan’s Long Telegram and how long was it?
1946, 8000 words
When was CHurchills Iron Curtain speech?
1946
When wa the Truman Doctrine established?
1947
How much money was dedicated to the assistance of Greece and Turkey in the Truman Doctrine?
$400million
When was the Mrashall Plan (european Recovery Program) established and how much money did it offer in total?
1948, $17 billion
As a result of the Marshall Plan, by how much did industrial production rise in Europe?
35%
When was the 4 point plan and how much money did it offer to Latin America and Asia?
1949 - $400 million
When was the National Security Act that setup the CIA passed?
1947
When was Comecon established as a soviet alternative to Marshall Aid?
1949
When was the Berlin Crisis?
1948-1949
How many flights were taken in the Berlin airlift and how many people were supplied over the 11 months?
275000 flights, 2.5million people
When was NATO established?
1949
When was NSC Document 68 written?
1950
How much did NSC - 68 increase defence spending by?
$13 billion to $50 billion
When was it discovered the soviets had an atomic bomb?
Aug-49
How many US troops were in Japan after the Japanese surrender?
350,000
When did Mao Zedong declare the People’s Republic of China?
Oct-49
When did US occupation end in Japan?
1952
How much of Frances costs to take over Vietnam were covered by the US?
78%
Who were the leaders of South and North Korea during the Korean war?
Syngman Rhee - South Korea, Kim II Sung - North Korea
When did the Korean War start?
June 25th 1950
When did Seoul fall to the North Koreans and the UN agree to get involved?
28th June 1950
When did the Chines ecounterattack in Korea begin?
25th November 1950
When did the Korean war end?
1953 (under Eisenhower)
What was Trumans approval rating after MacArthur’s firing?
26%
How much did the Korean war cost?
14% US GDP
How many US citizens were injured or died in the Korean war?
138,000
When was the Chinese civil war?
1946
When was the China White Paper published and how long was it?
1949 (before China’s communist fall), 1000 pages
By how much did Truman’s approval rating fall after the announcement China had fallen to Communism?
70% -35%
How much were America’s loans to China and Britain worth?
Britain - $31billion, China - $1.6billion
How many countries met to establish the Bretton Woods system and when?
44 countries, 1944
How many soldiers were demobilised in 1945?
9million/12million
By 1946 how much was the US army reduced to?
1.5million
In Trumans time what did unemployment never exceed?
5%
How much was inflation 1945-46?
25%
When did the price control bill water down and the employment act pass creating a council of economic advisors (CEA)?
1946
When was the GI bill and what were the benefits?
1944, 90% mortgage, 52 weeks unemployment benefit
How much was invested in the GI bill?
$20billion
How much did car sales rise between 1946-55?
4x
How many war bonds were there?
$185 billion
How much did employment increase during Trumans time?
46million to 61million
How many bills of the do nothing congress did Truman veto, and which mid-term election created the congress?
250, 1946
What elections did Truman upset when he won?
1948 elections
Who was the Vice President of the Democrats that formed the progressive party?
Henry Wallace
Who led the states rights party?
Strom Thurmond
By 1952 what was Truman’s approval rating which is the lowest in history?
22%
When was the Taft Hartley Act passed against Trumans wishes?
1947
When was unemployment up 5%?
1950
When did inflation rise to 25%?
1945-46
How many workers were on strike in 1946 and how many strikes were there?
4.6million, 4985 strikes
Who led the United Mine Workers?
John L Lewis
How many points were in the Fair Deal?
21 point programme
What aspects of the fair deal did help?
11 million employment up, benefits double, poverty reduced 33% to 28%
How many veterans did the GI bill help?
7.8million
How many communists did Joseph McCarthy claim to know in government in 1950?
205
How many members did the American Communist Party have?
Less than 80,000
How many people were on the Hollywood blacklist?
500
Who were considered communist spies?
Ethel and Julius Rosenburg and Alger Hiss
Which executive order created the Federal loyalty boards?
9835
When did Truman try to veto the International security Act?
1952
Between 1947-51, how many workers were dismissed by the Federal Employee Loyalty Programme and how many resigned?
212 dismissed, 2900 resigned
Who was accused of being a communist and forced to flee?
Gordon Khan
When was the McCarran international security act that Truman tried to veto?
1950
Which amendment gave African Americans equal protection under law?
14th amendment
When was Plessy vs Ferguson?
1896
When was Murray v Pearson and then Gaines v Canada?
1935, 1938
Who were the famous lawyers who worked for the NAACP?
THurgood Marshall, Charles Hamilton Houston, Robert Carter
How much was Black income compared to white during Trumans presidency?
01-Feb
How many black workers did Bell aircrafts employ in the South out of a total number?
2500 / 35000
How many Southern African Americans were registered to vote in 1947?
12%
When was the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) founded?
1942
When was there a race riots in Detroit and ho many joined and how many died?
1943, 100000, 34
When were Jim Crow Laws enforced until?
1965
When were there many lynchings?
1920’s and 20s?
When did the 3rd Klan flourish?
1950’s
How did the population fo Black people in North change after the Great Migration?
1900- 8% outside south. 1940s - 1.4million moved, 1950’s - 1.4million moved.
When was Malcolm X assissinated?
1965
When was Jackie Robinson the first black basketball player?
1947
How long was Malcolm x prison sentence 1946?
8-10 years
