Tropical disease

Question 1

What is malaria what causes it?

Answer 1

Protozoa Plasmodium by female anopheles

falciparum most fatal

Question 2

Signs and symptoms of Malaria?

Answer 2

onset 7-10 days
jaundice
anaemia
fever
flu-like symptoms
thrombocytopenia

Question 3

Investigations for malaria?

Answer 3

3 thick and thin blood films

malaria rapid antigen detection tests

Question 4

Management for malaria?

Answer 4

prevention: antimalarials, nets and repellent

Medical emergency - NOTIFY PUBLIC HEALTH ENGLAND

treatment -
non falciparum - chloroquinine
falciparum - quinine

Question 5

What is typhoid fever?

Answer 5

faeco-oral transmission

salmonella typhi or paratyphoid

Question 6

Signs and symptoms of typhoid fever?

Answer 6

fever + bradycardia
splenomegaly
cough
malaise, myalgia
headache
anorexia
GI symptoms

Question 7

Investigations for typhoid fever?

Answer 7

blood culture

FBC, LFTs, stool culture

Question 8

Management for Typhoid fever?

Answer 8

IV ceftriaxone

PO azithromycin

Question 9

What is dengue fever?

Answer 9

mosquito borne tropical disease usually from SE Asia or South Africa

3-14 days after infection.

Question 10

Symptoms for dengue fever?

Answer 10

high fever, headache, vomiting, muscle and joint pains, skin rash

severe - low WCC, low platelets, haemorrhage

Question 11

What is dengue haemorrhage fever?

Answer 11

Occurs upon second infection of a different strain

• capillary leak, hypotension, haemorrhage

Question 12

Investigations for Dengue fever?

Answer 12

PCR viral antigen

FBC, LFTs, Serum Albumin

Question 13

Management for dengue fever?

Answer 13

Supportive - fluids and monitoring