Tropical Cyclones

Question 1

Biggest economic cyclone

Answer 1

Hurricane Katrina

Question 2

How much in damages did Katrina cause

Answer 2

$100 bn

Question 3

Most deaths from cyclone

Answer 3

Bhola, Bangladesh, 300,000-500,000

Question 4

Record pressure minimum

Answer 4

870 hPa, West Pacific

Question 5

6 ingredients for tropical cyclone formation

Answer 5

Sufficient ocean temperature, mid-level humidity, convective instability, low-level vorticity disturbance, small vertical shear, coriolis force

Question 6

Ocean thermal energy for tropical cyclones

Answer 6

> 26 degrees between surface and 60m

Question 7

4 stages in tropical cyclone formation

Answer 7

Tropical disturbance, tropical depression, tropical storm, hurricane

Question 8

Tropical disturbance

Answer 8

Organised convection

Question 9

Tropical depression

Answer 9

Tropical disturbance with closed circulation

Question 10

Tropical storm

Answer 10

Convection concentrated in the centre & self sustaining

Question 11

Hurricane

Answer 11

Very high wind speeds (>64 kt) and well defined eye

Question 12

Disturbance in the Atlantic and Eastern Pacific

Answer 12

Easterly Waves

Question 13

Mesoscale convective systems can form in the troughs of the

Answer 13

African Easterly Jet

Question 14

N/S Pacific & Indian Ocean disturbance

Answer 14

Monsoon troughs

Question 15

Monsoon flows are

Answer 15

Moist & southwesterly

Question 16

Monsoon flows enhanced by

Answer 16

Northeasterly trade winds

Question 17

The monsoon trough creates a region favourable for

Answer 17

Low-level spin

Question 18

Warm sea surface temperatures provide energy with

Answer 18

Latent and sensible heating

Question 19

Latent heat causes air to ___ and surface low to ___

Answer 19

Expand, strengthen

Question 20

Tropical cyclones - frictional convergence of moisture causes

Answer 20

Rising motion

Question 21

Impact vertical wind shear has on tropical cyclone intensification

Answer 21

Negative

Question 22

Tropical cyclones have a ___ structure with a clear ___

Answer 22

Symmetrical, eye

Question 23

What limits the intensity of tropical cyclones in the southern hemisphere?

Answer 23

Zonal winds

Question 24

4 hostile environments for tropical cyclones

Answer 24

Strong vertical wind shear, cool ocean temperature, dry air intrustion, landfall

Question 25

If a tropical cyclone enters the extratropics, it can undergo

Answer 25

Extratropical transition

Question 26

Hurricane structure

Answer 26

Outflow - cirrus cloud shield, eye, eyewall, inflow, rainbands

Question 27

Wavelength which shows rainfall

Answer 27

Microwave

Question 28

Wind speeds decrease with height in ___

Answer 28

Hurricanes

Question 29

In hurricanes, warm air ___ and cold air ___

Answer 29

Inflows, outflows

Question 30

Tropical cyclones are ___ scale

Answer 30

synoptic