Trombly Vocab. for Test 3 Flashcards
learned nonuse
loss of capacity in an impaired extremity because of a tendency to avoid using that extremity and to use other body parts instead
protective sensation
painful sensation evoked by potentially damaging sensory stimuli such as excessive temperature, pressure, or tissue stress
passive sensory training
stimulation applied to the patient who is not required to pay attention
(delivered via high-rep modalities like e-stim or passive rubbing of skin surface over highly textured materials)
active sensory training
patient is actively involved in the reeducation process
sensory training is based on learning principles
compensation techniques for decreased sensation (5)
frequent position changes (damage caused by cont low pressure)
avoid concentrated high pressure
increase awareness of extreme heat/cold
avoid repetitive motions and excessive friction
instruct in care for blisters, cuts, bruises to avoid infection (and to keep free from pressure in case of infection)
decubitus ulcer
open sore caused by pressure, friction, and moisture
most commonly over bony prominences
can lead to reduced blood flow and tissue death
hypersensitivity
condition in which ordinary stimuli produce an exaggerated or unpleasant sensation
allodynia
condition in which nonpainful stimuli produce painful sensations
hyperesthesia
condition in which there is increased sensitivity to somatosensory stimuli
graphesthesia
the inability to identify numbers or letter traced on the skin
motor extinction
motor neglect
underutilization of one side without defects of strength, reflexes, or sensibility
tactile gnosis
functional tactile perception; ability to complete functional tasks through the use of sensory feedback
adaptation
alteration or adjustment by which an individual or species improves its condition in relation to its situation or environment
attribution
the process by which an individual assigns causality
cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)
a systematic form of talk therapy that emphasizes the impact of thoughts on emotions and behaviors
coping
cognitive, emotional, and behavioral efforts individuals undertake to manage external and internal challenges that tax their ordinary resources
existential
description of a perspective that emphasizes the human condition, including the recognition of mortality and the felt necessity to create meaning
mindfulness
maintaining a calm and nonjudgmental awareness of consciousness in the present moment
obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)
partial or complete blockage of airway passages during sleep leading to repeated awakenings driven by decreased oxygen saturation
post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
lasting psychological response to witnessing or experiencing traumatic events, especially when helpless to prevent them
relaxation response (RR)
a physiological state characterized by slowed brain waves, lowered HR and respiratory rates, and lowered BP that is believe to enhance health and well-being
resilience
the psychological capacity to respond to disruption with a new integration
agitation
subtype of delirium that is unique to survivors of TBI in altered states of consciousness in which there are excesses in behavior that include some combination of aggression, disinhibition, restlessness, and confusion
post-traumatic amnesia
inability to remember day-to-day events after TBI including those immediately before the injury (retrograde amnesia) and events that occur after the injury
the time elapsed from injury to recovery of continuous memory is one indicator used to describe the severity of brain damage
