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Adult Eval > Neurological Deficits CVA > Flashcards

Neurological Deficits CVA Flashcards

1
Q

global aphasia

A

loss of all language skills (receptive and expressive)

involves MCA of dominant hemisphere

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2
Q

receptive aphasia

A

impairment of comprehension of language

reading/writing comprehension commonly impaired

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3
Q

Wernicke’s aphasia

A

results from L hemisphere lesion

responses fluent but not appropriate

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4
Q

alexia

A

inability to read

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5
Q

dyslexia

A

difficulty reading/breaking down words into letters

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6
Q

expressive aphasia

A

impairment of speech production/agrammatism

can often understand written instructions/pictures

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7
Q

Broca’s aphasia

A

results from L hemisphere lesion

impairment of speech production/agrammatism

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8
Q

dysarthria

A

articulation disorder in absence of aphasia (often associated with swallowing issues)

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9
Q

agraphia

A

inability to write intelligible words or sentences

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10
Q

anomia

A

inability to recall names of people or objects

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11
Q

dysgraphia

A

inability to write/breakdown words into letters

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12
Q

agrammatism

A

inability to arrange words sequentially

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13
Q

nystagmus

A

involuntary jerky eye movements either lat/med or sup/inf at extreme of visual field

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14
Q

visual field disorders

A

visual pathways beyond the eye itself are damaged
results in visual field cuts
difficulty reading/scanning

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15
Q

hemianopsia

A

visual field disorder

loss of visual field opposite the side of lesion

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16
Q

visual perceptual disorders

A

visual anatomical structures intact

often occur with R hemisphere dysfunction

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17
Q

visual agnosia

A

visual perceptual disorder

difficulty identifying/recognizing familiar objects

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18
Q

propsopagnosia

A

visual perceptual disorder

difficulty identifying/recognizing familiar faces

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19
Q

metamorphopsia

A

visual perceptual disorder

objects appear larger, heavier, or lighter

20
Q

visual-spatial-perceptual disorders

A

difficulty accurately interpreting spatial relationship between body and objects in the environment

21
Q

right/left discrimination dysfunction

A

visual-spatial-perceptual disorder

cannot distinguish right from left

22
Q

figure-ground discrimination

A

visual-spatial-perceptual disorder

cannot distinguish objects in the foreground from the background

23
Q

form-constancy discrimination

A

visual-spatial-perceptual disorder

inability to recognize subtle variations or changes in form

24
Q

position-in-space discrimination

A

visual-spatial-perceptual disorder

cannot use concepts of up/down or in/out

25
Q

topographical disorientation

A

visual-spatial-perceptual disorder

cannot comprehend relationships of one location to another (constantly gets lost)

26
Q

stereopsis

A

visual-spatial-perceptual disorder

inability to determine if objects are near or far (depth perception)

27
Q

dysmetria

A

visual-spatial-perceptual disorder
inability to judge distance and range of movement (overshooting/undershooting)
*typical of cerebellar lesions

28
Q

astereognosis

A

tactile perceptual disorder

inability to identify objects by touch alone

29
Q

two point discrimination

A

tactile perceptual disorder

inability to determine whether one has been touched by one or two points

30
Q

body schema

A

awareness of spatial characteristics of one’s body in space

31
Q

unilateral neglect

A

body-schema perceptual disorder
inability to integrate and use perceptions from one side of the body or environment
visual field intact
(most often in R hemi CVA)

32
Q

anosognosia

A

body-schema perceptual disorder
extensive neglect syndrome with failure to recognize one’s paralyzed limb as their own
(accompanied by dissociation)

33
Q

apraxia

A

motor-perceptual disorder
difficulty with motor planning of tasks
typical of R hemisphere lesions

34
Q

ideational apraxia

A

motor-perceptual disorder
inability to cognitively understand motor demands of task involving multiple steps
(no “idea” shirt is a clothing item/what to do with it)

35
Q

ideomotor apraxia

A

motor-perceptual disorder
understands motor demands of tasks but cannot access the motor plan or pathway to complete the task due to neurological damage

36
Q

ataxia

A

motor deficit

uncoordinated patterns of movement that affect gait, posture, and UE control

37
Q

rigidity

A

motor control deficit
a form of hypertonicity that is characterized by increased resistance to passive movement
both flexors and extensors hypertonic

38
Q

lead pipe rigidity

A

motor control deficit

uniform and continuous resistance in all planes

39
Q

cogwheel rigidity

A

motor control deficit
pattern of release/resistance in quick, jerky movements
can feel in all planes

40
Q

dysdiadochokinesia

A

motor deficit
impaired ability to perform rapid, alternating movements
common in cerebellar lesions

41
Q

dyssynergia

A

motor deficit
movements are broken up/choppy rather than smooth
common in cerebellar lesions

42
Q

hemiballismus

A

motor deficit

violent thrashing movements of one extremity

43
Q

hemiparasthesia

A

motor deficit

loss of sensation on one side of the body

44
Q

poor kinesthetic awareness

A

motor deficit

inability to identify one’s limb as it moves through space

45
Q

proprioceptive impairments

A

inability to identify one’s limb/trunk position in space (not moving) with visual occulsion
inability to determine appropriate amount of pressure for task

46
Q

aphagia

A

inability to swallow (dysphagia)

Adult Eval (12 decks)

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